The Progressive Movement Chapter 9, Section 1

Progressive Ideals “We are bound to move forward or [slip backward] together. None of us can stand aside; our feet are mired [stuck] in the same soil, and our lungs breathe the same air.” -Jane Addams

Progressivism “Spirit of Reform”

Progressivism “Spirit of Reform” Focused on urban problems

Progressivism “Spirit of Reform” Focused on urban problems Working conditions, poor sanitation, corrupt political machines

Who Were Progressives? Native-born

Who Were Progressives? Native-born Middle or upper class

Who Were Progressives? Native-born Middle or upper class College educated

Who Were Progressives? Native-born Middle or upper class College educated “My life began at John Hopkins University. I came alive. I felt a sense of responsibility. I wanted to change things.” -Frederic Howe

The Role of Women Many Progressives were women

The Role of Women Many Progressives were women “Women have ceased to exist as a subsidiary [lower] class in the community. The modern . . . educated woman came into a world which is losing faith in the commercial ideal and is endeavoring to substitute in its place a social ideal.” -Rheta Childe Dorr, What Eight Million Women Want

The Role of Women Women participated in Progressive party convention in 1912

The Role of Women Women participated in Progressive party convention in 1912 “It would have been much more unnatural if [women] had not been there, when such matters of social welfare were being considered.” -Jane Addams

Progressive Issues Big Business: -limiting monopolies

Progressive Issues Big Business: -limiting monopolies -8 hour work day

Progressive Issues Big Business: -limiting monopolies -8 hour work day -minimum wage

Progressive Issues Big Business: -limiting monopolies -8 hour work day -minimum wage -safer conditions

Progressive Issues Big Business: -limiting monopolies -8 hour work day -minimum wage -safer conditions -child labor restrictions

Progressive Issues Political Rights: -election reforms

Progressive Issues Political Rights: -election reforms -make government more responsive to the people

Progressive Issues Social Justice: -less poverty

Progressive Issues Social Justice: -less poverty -apply science and technology to solve social problems

Role of journalists McClure’s

Role of journalists McClure’s informed people how these issues affected their lives

Role of journalists McClure’s informed people how these issues affected their lives Called “Muckrakers”

Role of journalists McClure’s informed people how these issues affected their lives Called “Muckrakers” exposed the muck (filth) of society

Role of Journalists Lincoln Steffens – exposed corrupt political machine in St. Louis

Role of Journalists Lincoln Steffens – exposed corrupt political machine in St. Louis Ida Tarbell – exposed corruption of Standard Oil

Role of Journalists Lincoln Steffens – exposed corrupt political machine in St. Louis Ida Tarbell – exposed corruption of Standard Oil Ray Stannard Baker – examined the plight of African-Americans

Role of Novelists Theodore Dreiser – depicted workers brutalized by greedy business owners

Role of Novelists Theodore Dreiser – depicted workers brutalized by greedy business owners Edith Wharton – close-mindedness of society leads to social isolation and despair

Role of Novelists Theodore Dreiser – depicted workers brutalized by greedy business owners Edith Wharton – close-mindedness of society leads to social isolation and despair Herbert Croly –government should promote welfare of all citizens

Questions to Consider Who are some modern day muckrakers? What are some modern social issues that need to be exposed by muckrakers?