Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

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Presentation transcript:

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Patients as Individuals Patient well-being is affected by attitude, expressed concern, and technical skills Individuals are complex Cultural influences, personal experiences, and basic human needs all play a role Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Philosophy of Individual Worth Every human being has worth Give same level of care regardless of any other factors Some patients present very unique challenges Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Dealing With Prejudice Prejudice defined Prevents seeing people as unique individuals Leads to unfavorable judgments Almost everyone has prejudices Must identify prejudice to deal with it Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. The Meaning of Culture Culture defined Individuals and culture Dominant culture Personal space and personal contact Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Health Care Beliefs Vary widely among cultural groups Religious beliefs and health Harmony and health Herbs and plant medicines Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Determining Individual Needs Effectiveness of health care worker Understanding and respecting individual differences Patients have different perceptions of the health care setting Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Individual Needs Observe patient’s behavior and ways of interacting with others Determine whether language barriers are present Ask questions to learn individual preferences Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Individual Needs Listen carefully to patient’s responses Some patients need more information than others Explain what you are doing and why Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs Developed by American Psychologist, Abraham Maslow Physiological needs Safety and security Love and affection Esteem and self-actualization Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Patient Needs—Carlos Physiological Safety and security Love and affection Self-esteem Self-actualization Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Defense Mechanisms Responses to perceived threats to self-esteem Compensation Control Denial Displacement Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Defense Mechanisms Malingering Projection Rationalization Regression Repression Withdrawal Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Dealing With Loss What is a loss? A loss will significantly influence patient behavior Health care workers can help patients deal with loss Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Ways of Dealing With Loss Seek support from family and friends Find comfort in religion Draw on self-esteem Employ problem-solving techniques Use defense mechanisms Become angry and depressed Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.