Classifying Matter

Why is it possible for chemistry connects to everything around us?

Chemistry is the study of the composition of matter and the changes matter can undergo But what exactly is matter???

Matter is… Basically matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Examples: trees, water, buildings, air In short, EVERYTHING around you is made of matter!

Changing Matter Physical Change Chemical Change During a physical change, the appearance or state of the substance is changed but the composition of the substance remains the same.  Chemical Change During a chemical change, the original substance is changed into a different substance. 

Can we separate matter? If we can physically separate the matter, it is classified as a mixture. If we cannot physically separate the matter (can only be separated chemically), it is called a pure substance.

How can we separate mixtures? Filtration Coffee, Sand & Water Distillation Salt water Chromatography Find pick of distillation for smart board. Label parts.

Mixtures Mixture – physical blend of two or more components Most samples are mixtures. Chicken noodle soup Italian salad dressing Milk Air Can you think of any others?

Do all these mixtures look the same? How does the distribution of their components look?

Heterogeneous Homogeneous Classifying Mixtures Based on the distribution of their components, mixtures can be either: Heterogeneous Homogeneous

Pure Substances Pure Substance - a material with a specific chemical composition Examples Gold Silver Salt (NaCl) Deionized water (H2O)

Classifying Pure Substances Based on their chemical composition, pure substances can be either: Elements Compounds

Properties of Matter Physical Property Chemical Property A condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition. Ex: color, luster, hardness Chemical Property Property that describes how a substance can change into a NEW chemical Ex: flammability, reactivity with water/air/oxygen

3 Stages of Matter

3 Stages of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Definite shape and volume Cannot flow or take shape of container Particles are compact and organized Liquid Constant volume Takes shape of container its in (flows) Particles are touching but disorganized Gas Takes shape of container (flows) Expands to fill any volume Particles are far apart and compressible