CLASSIFYING MATTER: Defining Matter

OUTCOME QUESTION(S): S1-2-09 Vocabulary & Concepts How do you classify matter using the words: element, compound, atom, molecule, mixture and pure? Vocabulary & Concepts  Pure Mixture Compound Molecule Diatomic Heterogeneous Homogeneous Metalloid

Anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space. That means Volume

Pure Every particle that makes up a substance is the SAME. Mixture Substance contains more than one kind of particle. If you can “reach in” and grab a different thing each time – it’s a mixture…

Smallest particle of an element - atom 2. Compounds PURE Elements Simplest form matter Smallest particle of an element - atom 2. Compounds Two or more elements chemically bonded Smallest particle of an compound – molecule A bucket of gold atoms (Au) and a bucket of water molecules (H2O) are both PURE since in both cases there is only ONE type of particle

You’ll look at this more another time Element: Sodium – all pure sodium atoms Compound: Salt – all pure sodium chloride molecules It’s possible to have compounds of the same atoms: Called diatomic elements Oxygen gas – O2 Hydrogen gas – H2 You’ll look at this more another time

One kind of particle (atom or bonded) same different One kind of particle (atom or bonded) More than one particle (NOT bonded)

Can’t see it – BUT know it’s a mixture… Homogeneous (can not see the different particles) Mixture is evenly distributed – “dissolved” Cannot easily separate different particles Milk Coffee Blood Smooth peanut butter Can’t see it – BUT know it’s a mixture…

Heterogeneous (can see the different particles) Mixture is not evenly distributed Different particles can be separated easily Salad Pizza Bubble tea Crunchy peanut butter I can see it’s a mixture!

Another way to classify matter is to put it into easy categories Metals Most common form of matter – 75% of elements Metals demonstrate similar (but NOT identical) physical and chemical properties Non-metals 15% of elements Non-metals demonstrate properties that are the opposite of metals Another way to classify matter is to put it into easy categories

A “staircase” on every Periodic Table separates the metals from the non-metals

You don’t have to memorize – just know where there are Metalloids: Elements on the staircase – 6% of elements Exhibit properties between metal / non-metals. You don’t have to memorize – just know where there are

CAN YOU ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS? S1-2-09 How do you classify matter using the words: element, compound, atom, molecule, mixture and pure? Vocabulary & Concepts  Pure Mixture Compound Molecule Diatomic Heterogeneous Homogeneous Metalloid