EPITHELIAL TISSUE COVERING OR PROTECTICE TISSUE COVERS ORGANS AND CAVITIES SEPARATES DIFFERENT BODY SYSTEMS MAKES THE SKIN, LINING OF MOUTH, LINING OF BLOOD VESSELS, LUNG ALVEOLI, KIDNEY TUBULES

EPITHELIAL TISSUE CELLS ARE TIGHTLY PACKED FORM A CONTINUOUS SHEET HAVE SMALL AMOUNT OF CEMENTING MATERIAL BETWEEN THEM ALMOST NO INTERCELLULAR SPACES ALL EPITHELIUM IS SEPARATED FROM THE UNDERLYING TISSUE BY AN EXTRACELLULAR FIBROUS BASEMENT MEMBRANE

PERMEABILITY OF EPITHELIAL CELLS ALL MATERIALS ENTERING OR LEAVING THE BODY MUST CROSS AT LEAST ONE LAYER OF EPITHELIUM. PERMEABILITY OF EPITHELIAL CELLS REGULATE THE EXCHANGE OF MATERIALS BETWEEN THE BODY AND EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT. THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE BODY.

CO RELATION BETWEEN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF EPITHELIAL TISSUE TYPES OF EPITHELIUM CO RELATION BETWEEN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF EPITHELIAL TISSUE

SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM EXTREMELY THIN AND FLAT CELLS FORM A DELICATE LINING. PRESENT IN OESOPHAGUS, LINING OF MOUTH, SKIN STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM – IN SKIN – CELLS PRESENT IN MANY LAYERS TO PREVENT WEAR AND TEAR.

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM CUBE SHAPED CELLS PRESENT IN LINING OF KIDNEY TUBULES, SALIVARY GLANDS FOR MECHANICAL SUPPORT

COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM TALL EPITHELIAL CELLS. ARE PILLAR LIKE HELP IN ABSORPTION AND SECRETION, EX: INNER LINING OF INTESTINE CILIATED COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL CELLS – IN RESPIRATORY TRACT – COLUMNAR CELLS HAVE CILIA (HAIR LIKE PROJECTIONS). MOVEMENT OF CILIA PUSHES THE MUCUS FORWARD TO CLEAR IT

GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM A PORTION OF THE EPITHELIAL TISSUE FOLDS INWARD AND FORMS MULTICELLULAR TISSUE GLAND.

CONNECTIVE TISSUE LOOSELY SPACED CELLS CELLS ARE EMBEDDED IN AN INTERCELLULAR MATRIX MATRIX CAN BE JELLY LIKE / FLUID / DENSE / RIGID DEPENDING UPON FUNCTION OF TISSUE

BLOOD BLOOD IS A TISSUE IT IS A CONNECTIVE TISSUE IT TRANSPORTS GASES, DIGESTED FOOD, HORMONES AND WASTES TO DIFFERENT BODY PARTS

TYPES OF BLOOD CELLS

BONE BONE IS A CONNECTIVE TISSUE FORMS A FRAMEWORK THAT SUPPORTS THE BODY ANCHORS THE MUSCLES SUPPORTS BODY ORGANS IS STRONG NON – FLEXIBLE EMBEDDED IN HARD MATRIX OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS

BONE

LIGAMENT CONNECTS TWO BONES VERY ELASTIC HAS CONSIDERABLE STRENGTH HAVE VERY LITTLE MATRIX

TENDONS CONNECT MUSCLES TO BONES IS A FIBROUS TISSUE HAS GREAT STRENGTH LIMITED FLEXIBILTIY

CARTILAGE HAS WIDELY SPACED CELLS SOLID MATRIX IS COMPOSED OF PROTEINS AND SUGARS IT SMOOTHENS BONE SURFACES AT JOINTS PRESENT IN NOSE, EAR, TRACHEA, LARYNX IT CAN BE EASILY FOLDED (TRY TO FOLD YOUR EARS!)

HYALINE CARTILAGE

AREOLAR TISSUE IS A CONNECTIVE TISSUE BETWEEN SKIN AND MUSCLES, AROUND BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES, IN BONE MARROW IT FILLS INNER SPACES OF ORGANS HELPS IN REPAIR OF TISSUES

AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

ADIPOSE TISSUE

ADIPOSE TISSUE FAT STORING TISSUE FOUND - BELOW THE SKIN - BETWEEN INTERNAL ORGANS CELLS ARE FILLED WITH FAT GLOBULES ACTS AS AN INSULATOR BECAUSE OF PRESENCE OF FATS

MUSCULAR TISSUE CONSIST OF ELONGATED CELLS CALLED MUSCLE FIBRES HELPS IN BODY MOVEMENTS HAS CONTRACTILE PROTEINS – CONTRACT AND RELAX TO CAUSE MOVEMENT

VOLUNTARY MUSCLES / SKELETAL MUSCLES / STRIATED MUSCLES THOSE MUSCLES WHICH WE CAN MOVE BY CONSCIOUS WILL OUR LIMBS (HANDS, LEGS) ATTACHED TO THE SKELETON UNDER THE MICROSCOPE, THEY SHOW ALTERNATE DARK AND LIGHT BANDS OR STRIATIONS HAVE LONG, CYLINDRICAL, UNBRANCHED AND MULTINUCLEATE CELLS (MANY NUCLEI)

STRIATED MUSCLE

INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES/ SMOOTH MUSCLES MOVEMENT OF FOOD IN ALIMENTARY CANAL CONTRACTION OR RELAXATION OF BLOOD VESSELS IRIS OF EYE URETERS BRONCHI WE CAN’T START OR STOP THEM WHEN WE WISH LONG CELLS WITH POINTED ENDS – SPINDLE SHAPED UNINUCLEATE (SINGLE NUCLEUS) UNSTRIATED (NO DARK OR LIGHT BANDS)

SMOOTH MUSCLE

CARDIAC MUSCLES (HEART MUSCLES) PRESENT IN HEART SHOW RHYTHMIC CONTRACTION AND RELAXATION INVOLUNTARY CYLINDRICAL BRANCHED UNINUCLEATE

CARDIAC MUSCLE

NERVOUS TISSUE HIGHLY SPECIALIZED CELLS THEY GET STIMULATED AND THEN TRANSMIT THE STIMULUS RAPIDLY FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER IN OUR BODY COMPOSES THE BRAIN, SPINAL CORD AND NERVES CELLS ARE CALLED NERVE CELLS OR NEURONS

NEURON – UNIT OF NERVOUS TISSUE

NEURON CONSISTS OF – CELL BODY – HAS NUCLEUS AND CYTOPLASM LONG HAIR LIKE BRANCHED STRUCTURES ARISE FROM CELL BODY CALLED DENDRITES NEURON HAS A SINGLE, LONG PART CALLED AXON NEURON MAY BE UPTO 1 METRE LONG MANY NERVE FIBRES BIND UP TOGETHER WITH THE HELP OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE TO FORM A NERVE NERVE IMPULSES ALLOW US TO MOVE OUR MUSCLES WHEN WE WANT TO.