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Presentation transcript:

if-else if (condition) { statements1 } else { statements2 if within else if (condition1) { statements1 } if (condition2) { statements2 } statements3

if-else if-else if-…-else if (condition1) { statements1 } else if (condition2) { statements2 else if (condition3) { statements3 … else { statementsn

Example class greetings { public static void main(String arg[]) { int hour = 3; if ((hour >= 0) && (hour < 12)) { System.out.println(“Good Morning!”); } else if ((hour >= 12) && (hour < 18)) { System.out.println(“Good Afternoon!”); else if ((hour >=18) && (hour < 24)) { System.out.println(“Good Evening!”); else { System.out.println(“Bad time!”);

Dangling ‘else’ /* Write comments here */ class dangle { public static void main (String args[]) { int shape,circle,rectangle,radius,distance; circle=1; rectangle=2; radius=5; distance=6; shape=1; if (shape==circle) { if (radius >= distance) System.out.println("Point is enclosed in the circle"); else System.out.println("Point is not enclosed in the circle"); } else System.out.println("Shape is not circle");

Loops Needed in problems that require solving the same subproblem over and over Computing the sum of the first 100 natural numbers and putting the result in y Algorithm: y = 1; y = y + 2; y = y + 3; … y = y + 100; Cannot write 99 such additions: use a loop

while while (condition) { statements } Can put anything in “statements” The entire construct is called a while loop statements are executed until condition is true Even before executing it the first time condition is evaluated A while loop may not execute even once

Example class justAnExample { public static void main(String arg[]) { int x = 5; int y = 0; while (x < 10) { y--; x++; } System.out.println(y);

Example class justAnExample { public static void main(String arg[]) { int x = 15; int y = 0; while (x < 10) { y--; x++; } System.out.println(y);

Sum of natural numbers class naturalSum { public static void main(String arg[]) { int n = 2; int y = 1; while (n <= 100) { y += n; n++; } System.out.println(“Sum of the first ” + (n-1) + “ natural numbers is ” + y);