IMPACT OF POLLUTION CONTROL ON BLUE ECONOMY BY MAJ (ENG) M M MUCUGIA 6 April 2019

PROBLEM STATEMENT Local Government Dumpsite in Kibarani, Mombasa

PROBLEM STATEMENT Local Government Dumpsite in Dandora, Nairobi

REMEDY Moi Air Base (MAB) Domestic waste incinerator, Eastleigh

QUOTES “A healthy ocean is vital to our economy and well-being. We need clean and healthy oceans to sustain tourism and fisheries.” Scott Peters “We can create a more sustainable, cleaner and safer world by making wiser energy choices.” Robert Alan Silverstein “Among ways of enhancing environmental conservation is through creating energy value on waste incinerator” Lt Gen S N Thuita

SCOPE Introduction Aim Pollution case description Blue economy, Kenyan context KDF Incinerator’s waste heat recovery solution Benefits Challenges Future Trends Conclusion

INTRODUCTION Industrial waste, sewage and domestic waste have been flowing into rivers and other water masses polluting and making it unsuitable for use Domestic waste has been the largest contributor to the urban centres Landfill menace in the country All these streams of pollution do pose serious health risks on human, animals, plants and more, operating systems key in supporting our ecosystems

INTRODUCTION Nairobi river

AIM To apprise participants on the impact of applying alternative energy sourcing as a tool for facilitating pollution control and consequently enhancing BLUE ECONOMY opportunities

POLLUTION CASE DESCRIPTION Major causes of pollution include; Transport, Manufacturing/ processing, Municipal waste Thermal energy generators Natural effluent

POLLUTION CASE DESCRIPTION Leading specific negative effects of pollution include; Reduced visibility Machinery fouling Environmental damage (Deposition) Aesthetic damage and Health challenge

BLUE ECONOMY, KENYAN CONTEXT Sustainable use of water resources for economic growth has not been achieved in Kenya Associated activities include; Fisheries Tourism Water management Marine transport Renewable energy Climate change Sea extraction

BLUE ECONOMY, KENYAN CONTEXT There are numerous potential measures envisaged to mitigate the challenge, these may be categorized into; Eco-friendly/ green measures Technology innovations Conducive legal framework Community good will Personal protection

KDF INCINERATOR’s WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SOLUTION The incinerator project was initiated and later commissioned for use in 2006. This was for the purposes of managing waste at MAB Eastleigh Through Energy Management and Environmental Management Policy (EMECP) program, energy audits were conducted in various camps within KDF and recovery of waste heat was identified as among energy saving opportunities presenting for exploitation

INCINERATOR’S BASIC OPERATING DATA The MAB incinerator is operating with the following parameters: Burns approximately 15 Tons of domestic waste per week The domestic waste has recoverable energy value of 2.1MJ/kg Burning chamber attain temperatures of approximately 500 degrees Celsius The chamber burns for approximately 8hrs per day

KDF INCINERATOR’s WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SOLUTION The energy solution is comprised of the following main components: The heat generator (incinerator)

KDF INCINERATOR’s WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SOLUTION The heat recovery unit (heat exchanger)

KDF INCINERATOR’s WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SOLUTION Schematic representation of the system Chimney Water Reservoir To end User Hot water Cistern Heat recovery unit Waste collector Burning chamber

KDF INCINERATOR’s WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SOLUTION Incinerator mounted with waste heat recovery system at MAB

KDF INCINERATOR’s WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SOLUTION A performance indicator: Deliver 5,000 ltr at 53.00oC This yield to an indicative annual energy saving of 60,063.92 kWh or Kshs 1,117,189.00 Current project performance compared to the design performance is 80.4% Success attributed to; developing enthusiasm and confidence in viability and benefits derived from the project

BENEFITS The waste heat recovery system attract the following gains: Reduction in high cost energy consumption Reduction in pollution. A number of toxic combustible wastes such as methane gas, carbon monoxide, sour gas, carbon black off gases etc. when burnt in the incinerator serves dual purpose i.e. recovers heat and reduces pollution levels Studies indicate Mombasa for example can harness 20,000 kWh of power daily, (Kshs 100M) annually

CHALLENGES High capital cost Need for Trained Manpower

FUTURE TRENDS The project is being considered for replication in KDF camps Collaboration for with organizations willing to apply the concept is being sort for a wider application Bring on board large scale waste to energy power plants solutions

FUTURE TRENDS Reppie Waste to Energy power plant in, Ethiopia

CONCLUSION Therefore waste problem should not be a hindrance to Blue Economy activities but be converted into the much needed energy resource Energy is not in shortage as we put it but is about how efficiently we harness the accessible energy

ANNEX

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