No Bones About It Robert C Fisler Elemtary Science Olympiad 5th Grade Event March 16th, 2019

Rules A team of two 5th grade students will be asked to identify bones (Human and Animal) at stations throughout the room. You will also be asked to answer questions about those bones May include questions on Orientation Articulation Number of this type of bone found in the human Body Function of the bone Type of Joint Range of Motion Etc

Rules Continued There will be 25 stations with 2 questions per station Each Question is worth 2 points for a total of 100 Points Students will have 30 seconds per station For identification questions only the scientific name will be accepted. Spelling will be used as a Tiebreaker

The Skeletal System

Organ system that supports and protects the body and allows it to move Support – bones provide support for your body and make it possible to sit or stand upright Protection – bones provide protection to organs – for example: ribs protect the heart and lungs Storage – outer layer of bone – compact bone – stores minerals like calcium Blood cell production – in the center of flat bones is soft tissue called marrow - red marrow makes blood cells Movement – bones provide a place for muscles to attach – muscles pull on bones to make movement

Bones, ligaments and cartilage make up your skeletal system Skeletal system is divided into two parts – axial skeleton – skull, vertebrae and ribs appendicular skeleton - arms, legs, shoulders and pelvis Bones – have blood vessels to supply nutrients and nerves to feel pain Newborn babies have about 300 bones - the average adult has 206 bones

Bones are hard organs made of minerals and connective tissue Compact bone – a kind of bone tissue that is dense and has no visible open spaces – makes bones rigid and hard Spongy bone – a kind of bone tissue has many open spaces – provides most of the strength and support for the bone Calcium is the most plentiful mineral in bones – minerals are deposited by bone cells called osteoblasts

Connective tissue in bones is made mostly of collagen Collagen allows bones to be flexible enough to withstand knocks and bumps Marrow – soft tissue inside bones Two types of marrow: red marrow is where red and white blood cells are produced – found in flat bones like the ribs yellow marrow is found in the center of long bones like the femur and stores fat

The place where two or more bones connect is called a joint Some joints allow for movement – moveable joints and others stop or limit movement – fixed joints (found in the skull) Bones are connected to each other at joints by ligaments Cartilage helps cushion the area in a joint where bones meet Ball and socket joint – shoulders and hips – allows one bone to rotate in a large circle Gliding joint – allow flexibility in a lot of direction – wrists and ankles Hinge joint – allows bones to move back and forth – knees and elbows

Sample Questions Identify this bone What is the location of this bone TIBIA What is the location of this bone Right Lower Leg

Sample Questions Identify this Bone What is the Function of this bone? MANDIBLE What is the Function of this bone? Its movement chews and grinds food

Sample Questions Identify this bone SCAPULA How Many of these bones are in the human body? Two

Sample Question Name the bone that is colored red on this picture HUMERUS What type of joint does it form with the green bones Hinge Joint

Sample Question Identify this bone FIBULA True or False This bone helps support a significant amount of your bodies total weight False

Sample Question Identify this bone colored red What is its function? STERNUM What is its function? It forms the front of the rib cage and Protects the Heart, Lungs, and major Bloode Vessels