Metformin modulates IL-8, IL-1β, ICAM and IGFBP-1 expression in human endometrial stromal cells  Ariane Germeyer, Julia Jauckus, Markus Zorn, Bettina Toth, Edison Capp, Thomas Strowitzki  Reproductive BioMedicine Online  Volume 22, Issue 4, Pages 327-334 (April 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.11.006 Copyright © 2010 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 In-vitro effects of metformin during the process of decidualization with oestrogen/progesterone on prolactin production in supernatant of endometrial stromal cells on days 10 and 15 of decidualization. Values represent mean±standard error of the mean. *=P<0.05, paired Student’s t-test. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 2011 22, 327-334DOI: (10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.11.006) Copyright © 2010 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Gene expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) after incubation with metformin and insulin. Samples (n=5) were treated either with oestrogen/progesterone alone (control) or with long-term (14day) or short-term (48h) metformin in absence or presence of insulin for 24h. *=P<0.05. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 2011 22, 327-334DOI: (10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.11.006) Copyright © 2010 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) protein (pg/ml) in supernatant of endometrial stromal cells decidualized with oestrogen/progesterone alone (control) or with long-term (14day) or short-term (48h) metformin in absence or presence of insulin for 24h. *=P<0.01. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 2011 22, 327-334DOI: (10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.11.006) Copyright © 2010 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Gene expression of interleukin (IL) 8 after incubation with metformin and insulin. Samples (n=5) were treated with oestrogen/progesterone alone (control) or with long-term (14day) or short-term (48h) metformin in absence or presence of insulin for 24h. *=P<0.05. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 2011 22, 327-334DOI: (10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.11.006) Copyright © 2010 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Gene expression of interleukin (IL) 1β with metformin and insulin. Samples (n=5) were treated with oestrogen/progesterone alone (control) or with long-term (14day) or short-term (48h) metformin in absence or presence of insulin. *=P<0.05. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 2011 22, 327-334DOI: (10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.11.006) Copyright © 2010 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Terms and Conditions