Data Communication Networks

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Presentation transcript:

Data Communication Networks Lec 2

Data Communication Communications is sharing information. Local, remote. “Telecommunication” means communications at a distance. Data is the form of information presented.

Data Communication Defined as the exchange of data between two devices via some form of transmission medium. Software and hardware is the part.

Effectiveness of DC Delivery Accuracy Timeliness Jitter Should reach as they produce, without delay, real-time transmission Jitter Variation in arrival time, delay will result in poor quality

Components Message Sender Receiver Transmission media Protocol Text , numbers, pictures , video Sender Computer , workstation, telephone set etc Receiver Transmission media Cables, radio waves Protocol Set of rules

Data Representation Text Numbers Images Audio Video Sequence of bits Bit patterns , numbers is converted to binary number Images Pixels Audio Continuous , not discrete Video Can be continuous entity or combination of images.

Data Flow Simplex Half-duplex Full-duplex Keyboard, monitors Each can transmit or receive but not at same time Walkie-talkie Full-duplex Both stations can transmit and receive at the same time. Telephone

Networks A network is set of devices connected by communication links. Devices can be computer, printer, or any other device capable of sending and/or receiving data

Distributed Processing Task is divided among multiple computers. Each handle a subset.

Network Criteria Performance Transit and response time Transit amount of time required for a message to travel from one device to another. Response time is the elapsed time between inquiry and a response. Number of users, type of transmission medium, connected hardware Efficiency of hardware. Throughput(average rate of successful message delivery ) and delay

Network Criteria Reliability Security Frequency of the failure Time it takes to recover from a failure. Security Protection from unauthorized access, Protecting data from damage Implementing policies for recovery from breaches and data loss.

Physical Structure Point-to-point Multipoint

Categories of Networks LAN MAN WAN

Local Area Network(LAN) Privately owned and link the devices in a single office, building or campus. Designed to allow resources to shared personal computers e.g. hardware, printer data etc.

Metropolitan Area Network(MAN) Lies between size of LAN and Wan. Covers the area inside city or a town.

Wide area Network(WAN) Provides long distance transmission of data. Large geographical area that comprise of country or even whole world.

Internetwork LAN , WAN and MAN are not seen in isolation. Mostly are interconnected, form an internetwork or a internet.

Physical Topology Refer to way in which network is laid out physically. Mesh Star Bus Ring