Scientific Revolution Backgrounder CHY 4U Scientific Revolution Backgrounder MIT, MIT OpenCourseWare, Towards the Scientific Revolution, Accessed Feb. 26, 2019, https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/science-technology-and-society/sts-002-toward-the-scientific-revolution-fall-2003/

Origins of Scientific Revolution Non-western sources incl. Avicenna, al Tusi*, al Shatir The Renaissance new discoveries about blood pressure, classification, calculus, anatomy, circulation (Vesalius), linear perspective, weapons John Baez, Rolling Circles and Balls, Last updated Sept. 11, 2012, http://www.math.ucr.edu/home/baez/rolling/rolling_3.html.

The Scientific Method Islamic science and medicine had long been based on: Observation Experiment E.g., translation Avicenna’s Canon of Medicine (1025) was one of the most influential books in Europe Rather than… Information fitting into pre-existing worldviews

Geocentric Model of the Solar System The Geocentric Paradigm, Philosophy: Chinese/Japanese 350, Accessed Feb. 21, 2013, http://faculty.vassar.edu/brvannor/Asia350/ptolemy.html.

European Geocentrism: Sacred Old View of the Universe based on Aristotle and Ptolemy spheres revolve around earth which doesn’t move heavenly bodies attached to spheres 10 spheres, highest is the home of God perfect circular motion of spheres humans at centre, special relationship with God

Heliocentric Model NASA Earth Observatory, Feature Article: Planetary Motion: The History of an Idea that Launched the Scientific Revolution, Accessed Sept, 6, 2010, http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/OrbitsHistory/.

Copernicus Proposes Heliocentrism From Copernicus’ On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies (1543) Rare Book Library at the University of Sydney, Origins of Modernity Online Exhibition: Cosmology and Astronomy – Copernicus, Accessed Sept. 6, 2010, http://www.library.usyd.edu.au/libraries/rare/modernity/copernicus.html.

Galileo’s Telescope 20X telescope fashioned after a Dutch invention Museo Galileo, Institute and Museum of the History of Science, Multimedia Catalogue, Accessed Sept. 6, 2010, http://brunelleschi.imss.fi.it/museum/esim.asp?c=405001.

Moons of Jupiter, 1610 NASA, Solar System Exploration – Galileo’s Journal, Accessed Sept. 6, 2010, http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/multimedia/display.cfm?IM_ID=7303

Slap on the Wrist from the Catholic Church in 1616 After writing about heliocentrism the Church told Galileo to: “abandon completely … the opinion that the sun stands still at the center of the world and the earth moves, and henceforth not to hold, teach, or defend it in any way whatever, either orally or in writing; otherwise the Holy Office would start proceedings against him.” Scott Bembenek, “How the Moon Changed Galileo’s Life Forever”, Forbes, July 20, 2017, https://www.forbes.com/sites/thelabbench/2017/07/20/how-the-moon-changed-galileos-life-forever/#af6644190947

Phases of Venus, 1623 International Year of Astronomy 2009, Graphic Description of Venus Phases, Accessed Sept. 6, 2010, http://www.astronomy2009.org/resources/multimedia/images/detail/galileo_12/.

Galileo’s Dialogo, 1632 Aristotle, Ptolemy and Copernicus discussing the universe on the cover of Galileo’s Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief Systems of the World Library of Congress, European Collections, Science and Technology, Accessed Sept. 15, 2010, http://www.loc.gov/rr/european/guide/science.html.

To Recant or Not to Recant Wikimedia Commons, Galileo Galilei, Oil Painting by Wellcome, Accessed Feb. 26, 2019, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Galileo_Galilei_%281564-1642%29._Oil_painting_by_an_Italian_pain_Wellcome_V0023487.jpg