Bell Work Which branch creates new laws? Federal judges are part of which branch? Who implements and enforces laws? What group works for and advises the president?

In Lak’ech by Luis Valdez Tu eres me otro yo Si te hago daño a ti, Me hago daño a mi mismo Si te amo y respeto Me amo y respeto yo You are my other me If I do harm to you, I do harm to myself If I love and respect you I love and respect myself

Bell Work Which branch creates new laws? Federal judges are part of which branch? Who implements and enforces laws? What group works for and advises the president?

The National Government To become law, the Constitution had to be ratified by nine of the thirteen states. In The Federalist Papers, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay argued in support of the Constitution. A key argument was that the division of power made it impossible for one person to have absolute power. The government was limited by assigning different powers to each branch and providing each with checks over the power of the others.

Legislative Branch The enumerated powers of Congress are listed in Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution, which explains what kinds of laws Congress can make. The final clause gives Congress authority to make whatever laws are “necessary and proper” to carry out its other powers. Congress has used this elastic clause in many ways.

Executive Branch The president heads the executive branch, which includes the departments that enforce the laws passed by Congress. The executive branch includes federal agencies, commissions, government corporations, and boards that carry out specific duties. The president is empowered to grant pardons, make treaties, appoint key officials, and serve as commander in chief of the military.

Judicial Branch Article III establishes the federal court system, consisting of a Supreme Court and the lower courts. The federal court system hears cases about the Constitution and other federal issues. The judicial branch’s power comes from judicial review, the court’s ability to interpret the Constitution and overturn laws that violate it. This power gives the judicial branch a status equal to the other two branches of government.

American Government: Then and Now President Washington had relatively little to do, while modern presidents have full and tightly organized schedules. The first Congress members introduced fewer than 200 bills and worked part time, but today Congress members introduce about 10,000 bills each year and work almost year-round. Early Supreme Court justices heard almost no cases and traveled to district courts to hear appeals when the Supreme Court was not in session.

Relations Among the Branches The division of power among three branches requires that the branches cooperate with one another. Executive powers that require cooperation between the president and Congress serve as limits on presidential power. Checks and balances, political parties, and the different kinds of power held by each branch are sources of conflict.

Section Review

What are the three branches of the national government?  A.legislative, executive, and judicial  B.federal, state, and local  C.Army, Navy, and Air Force  D.Internal Revenue Service, Federal Bureau of Investigations, and Health and Human Services

What are the powers listed in the Constitution for Congress called?  A.executive powers  B.enumerated powers  C.provisional powers  D.absolute powers

Which branch of government has the civilian commander for the military?  A.legislative branch  B.the military is an independent branch of government  C.judicial branch  D.executive branch

What is the power to overturn laws that violate the Constitution?  A.veto power  B.impeachment  C.judicial review  D.enumerated power

Which of the following best describes how government has changed over time? A.The president no longer oversees most federal bureaucracies. B.The legislature is no longer involved in matters of foreign policy. C.The Supreme Court reviews fewer cases today than when the Constitution was first adopted. D.All branches are more busy today than early U.S. government.

Which branch of government has the power to appoint federal judges?  A.legislative branch  B.executive branch  C.judicial branch  D.state governors

What is the statement "make all laws which shall be necessary and proper" that applies to the legislative branch sometimes called?  A.judicial review  B.unlimited government  C.the Elastic Clause  D.federalism

Which branch of government has the responsibility to carry out laws passed by the federal government?  A.legislative branch  B.executive branch  C.judicial branch  D.state branch

The executive power to negotiate treaties and the legislative power to ratify treaties an example of  A.shared powers.  B.judicial review.  C.impeachment powers.  D.federalism.

What is an enumerated power of the legislative branch?  A.the power to command the military  B.the power to carry out education policy  C.the power to collect and appropriate funds  D.the power to pardon people convicted of federal crimes

Translate the Constitution The Constitution of the United States is in your text from pages 797 through 815 Rewrite the Preamble, all 7 Articles and 27 Amendments so that it has meaning for a high school student Use dictionaries, thesauri, and your textbook (including the notations in the margins of the Constitution) to help you. Your final product will be due February 25 and will be counted as a unit assessment.

How do the 3 branches of government share, check and balance power? Reflection How do the 3 branches of government share, check and balance power?