Bell Ringer What is the difference between a funnel cloud and a tornado? We will take our vocabulary quiz after notes Funnel clouds do not touch the ground, tornados do

Hurricanes

Hurricanes Cyclonic Storms – universal term for large, rotating, low-pressure storms 3 synonyms, depending on the storm’s location: Typhoon – Western Pacific Ocean (Asia) Cyclone – Indian Ocean Hurricanes – Atlantic Ocean (eastern US)

Hurricanes Occur in warm, tropical oceans Why doesn’t California get a lot of hurricanes? Usually occur in the summer and early fall when oceans have stored lots of heat energy

Hurricane Formation Source of energy comes from warm, tropical ocean water As water evaporates from these oceans, latent heat is stored in the water vapor The heat is released when the air rises and condenses into clouds

Hurricane Formation The rising air creates a low pressure system, pulling in the surrounding air The storm begins to spin due to the Coriolis Effect The storm grows in size and spins more quickly

Hurricane Formation Hurricanes are moved from one location to another wind systems

Stages of a Hurricane 4 stages of hurricane development: Tropical Wave – weak low-pressure system Tropical Depression – the system starts rotating around a center of low pressure Tropical Storm – when the winds reach 40mph; storm receives a name Hurricane – when the winds reach 75mph, creates an eye

Stages of a Hurricane Eye – calm center of the storm Eyewall – a band around the eye where the winds are strongest and most violent

Classifying Hurricanes The National Weather Service (NWS) tracks all stages of a hurricane Hurricane watch – threat of storm conditions in the next 24-36 hours Hurricane warning – storm will strike within 24 hours

Classifying Hurricanes Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale – classifies hurricanes according to wind speed, air pressure in center, and potential for property damage Ranges from Category 1 (74mph winds) to Category 5 (155+ mph winds) At Category 3, it is classified as a major hurricane

Wind speeds – how fast they’re spinning around Actual speed across the ocean is usually < 20 mph Why do you think we have tornado drills in school, but not hurricane drills?

Saffir-Simpson Simulator

Dangers of a Hurricane Example: Hurricane Matthew, October 2016 Inland flooding due to significant amounts of rain Example: Hurricane Matthew, October 2016

Dangers of a Hurricane Significant coastal damage

Dangers of a Hurricane Winds – property damage and injuries from flying debris

Dangers of a Hurricane Storm Surges – mounds of water pushed on land due to hurricane-powered winds Can be as high as 20 feet above normal sea level

Dangers of a Hurricane Causes approximately 90% of all hurricane-related deaths

Today I will give you 2-3 minutes to look over your vocabulary, then we will start the quiz After the quiz…

Vocab Quiz – please write letters clearly. Turn in when done. Each person needs to work QUIETLY and INDEPENDENTLY on Naming Hurricanes WS. READ ALL THE DIRECTIONS. Don’t make quick assumptions. If you have questions, try your best or call me over. You CANNOT talk with other people while others are taking the quiz!

Close-to-Home Example Hurricane Fran September 5, 1996 http://www.wral.com/weather/hurricanes/video/9924105/

Close-to-Home Example Eno River State Park The sign says “The Eno River rose to the level of the bottom of this sign during Hurricane Fran on September 6, 1996” It was ~40 feet from the current river level and at least 5’7” up

Hurricane Sandy: October 2012 Summary: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zcPk14G-HBQ NYCs subways: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wtb-OK4bEs4

Bellringer What are jobs/businesses that are affected by a hurricane? (this is a thinking question, not directly from your notes)

Hurricane Floyd, 1999

Mrs. Self’s hometown

What are jobs/businesses that are affected by a hurricane?