Chapter 5 Lesson 1 Earth Pages 202-209

A physical feature of the land is called a landform.

The tallest of all landforms are mountains.

Vast areas of land without mountains or hills are called plains.

Valleys and canyons are examples of landforms shaped by water.

Mounds, called sand dunes, form where wind blows sand.

The gently sloping edge of a continent that connects the shore to the sea is a continental shelf.

Underwater mountains that run through an ocean form an ocean ridge.

Features that look like canyons in the ocean floor are called trenches.

We live in the Susquehanna River drainage basin. The name of a region of land where water drains into a river is a drainage basin. We live in the Susquehanna River drainage basin.

The movement of a river slows down as it nears the ocean, dropping deposits that form triangle-shaped landforms called deltas.

How a delta is formed.

Scientists have divided the interior of the Earth into four main layers.

The outermost layer of Earth is made up of rock, called the crust.

Below the crust lies a layer of rock, called the mantle.

Rock in the mantle can move or slowly flow because of great pressure and high temperature.

The outer core is below the mantle and is made mostly of melted iron.

The sphere of solid material at Earth’s center is called the inner core.

Since we live in a valley, water was the last factor to affect it.