Creating Tables Create a new table by defining the column structure. 3 Creating Tables Create a new table by defining the column structure. Create a new table by copying column structure from an existing table. Create a new table and add data using a single query. Load data into a table.

Creating Tables with SQL Multiple techniques are used to create tables and insert data into tables with SQL. Method Syntax Result 1 CREATE TABLE table-name (column-name type(length) <, ...column-name type(length)>); Create an empty table by manually specifying all column attributes. 2 CREATE TABLE table-name LIKE old-table-name; Create an empty table by copying column attributes from an existing table using a LIKE clause. 3 CREATE TABLE table-name AS query-expression; Create a table and add data all in one step, using a query.

Creating Tables Method 1: Define the columns. General form of the CREATE TABLE statement: CREATE TABLE table-name (column-name type(length) <, ...column-name type(length)> );

Method 1: Defining Columns The table definition is enclosed in parentheses. Individual column definitions are separated by commas. proc sql; create table Discounts (Product_ID num format=z12., Start_Date date, End_Date date, Discount num format=percent.); quit; proc contents data=discounts;run; Name the new table. Define the columns.

Method 1: Defining Columns For ANSI compliance, PROC SQL accepts the following data types in table definitions: ANSI Type Resulting SAS Type Default Length Default Format CHAR(n) Character 8 $w. VARCHAR INTEGER Numeric BEST. SMALLINT DECIMAL NUMERIC FLOAT REAL DOUBLE PRECISION DATE DATE.

Method 1: Defining Columns proc sql; create table Testing_Types (Char_Column char(4), Varchar_Column varchar, Int_Column int, SmallInt_Column smallint, Dec_Column dec, Num_Column num, Float_Column float, Real_Column real, Date_Column date, Double_Column double precision); quit; proc contents data=testing_types;run;

Creating Tables Method 2: Copy the table structure. CREATE TABLE table-name-2 LIKE table-name-1;

Method 2: Copying Table Structure proc sql; create table work.New_Sales_Staff like orion.Sales ; quit; proc contents data=new_sales_staff; run;

Creating Tables (Review) Method 3: Create and populate a table with an SQL query. CREATE TABLE table-name AS query-expression;

Method 3: Create and Populate a Table with an SQL Query (Review) proc sql; create table work.Melbourne as select Employee_Name as Name,Salary from orion.Staff as s, orion.Employee_addresses as a where s.Employee_ID=a.Employee_ID and City ="Melbourne"; quit; proc contents data=melbourne;run;

Adding Data to a Table, the INSERT Statement The INSERT statement can be used to add data to an empty table, or to append data to a table that already contains data, using one of three methods. Method Syntax Description A INSERT INTO table-name SET column-name=value, column-name=value,...; One clause per row using column-value pairs B INSERT INTO table-name <(column list)> VALUES (value,value,...); One clause per row using positional values C INSERT INTO table-name <(column list)> SELECT columns FROM table-name; A query returning multiple rows, and based on positional values

Create the example table, discounts proc sql; create table Discounts (Product_ID num format=z12., Start_Date date, End_Date date, Discount num format=percent.); quit; proc contents data=discounts;run;

Method A: Adding Data with a SET Clause The SET clause requires that you add data using column name–value pairs: proc sql; insert into Discounts set Product_ID=230100300006, Start_Date='01MAR2007'd, End_Date='15MAR2007'd,Discount=.33 set Product_ID=230100600018, Start_Date='16MAR2007'd, End_Date='31MAR2007'd, Discount=.15 ; quit; proc print data=discounts;run;

Method B: Adding Data with a VALUES Clause proc sql; create table Discounts (Product_ID num format=z12., Start_Date date, End_Date date, Discount num format=percent.) ; insert into Discounts values (230100300006,'01MAR2007'd, '15MAR2007'd,.33) values (230100600018,'16MAR2007'd, '31MAR2007'd,.15) select * from discounts; quit; The VALUES clause adds data to the columns in a single row of data. The VALUES clause must produce values in the same order as the INSERT INTO statement column list.

Method B: Adding Data with a VALUES Clause proc sql; create table Discounts (Product_ID num format=z12., Start_Date date, End_Date date, Discount num format=percent.) ; insert into Discounts (Start_Date,End_Date, Product_ID, Discount) values ('01MAR2007'd,'15MAR2007'd,230100300006,.33) values ('16MAR2007'd,'31MAR2007'd,230100600018,.15) select * from discounts; quit; Optionally, the INSERT statement can list the columns into which data is to be inserted, in the order in which the VALUES clause will provide the data.

Method C: Adding Data with a Query proc sql; create table Discounts (Product_ID num format=z12., Start_Date date, End_Date date, Discount num format=percent.) ; insert into Discounts (Product_ID,Discount,Start_Date,End_Date) select distinct Product_ID,.35, '01MAR2007'd,'31mar2007'd from orion.Product_Dim where Supplier_Name contains 'Pro Sportswear Inc' select * from discounts; quit; Query results are inserted positionally. The query must produce values in the same order as the INSERT statement column list.