BELL RINGER What is in your food?

The Chemistry of Life VIDEO

Organic Molecules Inorganic Molecules Organic and Inorganic molecules Organic Molecules ORGANIC compounds contain a carbon-hydrogen bond (C6H12O6, CH4) Inorganic Molecules ORGANIC MOLECULES ORGANIC compounds contain a carbon-hydrogen bond (C6H12O6, CH4) INORGANIC MOLECULES INORGANIC compounds do not contain a carbon-hydrogen bonds (CO2, H2O) INORGANIC compounds do not contain a carbon-hydrogen bonds (CO2, H2O)

most important inorganic compound in living things Organic Molecules Inorganic Molecules CO2 water lipid protein most important inorganic compound in living things nucleic acid ORGANIC MOLECULES lipid, nucleic acid, carbohydrate, protein INORGANIC MOLECULES CO2 water: most important inorganic compound in living things most cellular processes take place in water solution excellent solvent (substances dissolve in water) carbohydrate

Why is water so important? Approximately 70% of the body is made of water most cellular processes take place in water solutions excellent solvent (substances dissolve in water)

Elements of Life 96% of living organisms is made of: carbon (C) oxygen (O) hydrogen (H) nitrogen (N)

What four biomolecules are organisms made of? Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

ATP Why do we eat? We eat to take in more of these chemicals Food for building materials to make more of us (cells) for growth for repair Food to make energy calories to make ATP (energy) ATP

What do we need to eat? Foods give organisms more building blocks & more energy (for building & running their bodies) carbohydrates proteins fats nucleic acids vitamins minerals, salts water

How are molecules in your body made? We build them! This is called Polymerization: process where large molecules are built from smaller ones.

Monomers are linked together to make Polymers. Monomers: (mono = one) The small individual units of the molecule Polymer: (poly = many) The large compound formed from many monomers

Macromolecules Biomolecules Carbon Compounds Video Amoeba Sisters

Bell Ringer How do you make new DNA in your body? What are the 4 major Biomolecules we have discussed?

OTHER NAMES…. Organic molecules: Carbon compound: Macromolecules: Biomolecules: ALL THE SAME!!!!! Have carbon, LARGE, in living organisms

Four Main Groups Carbohydrate Lipid Nucleic Acid Protein

Carbohydrates Facts: Elements in a ratio of 1:2:1. Elements: C,H,O Function: main source of Short term energy for living things Monomer: monosaccharide ex.(glucose) Polymer: polysaccharide (starch) Food Source Examples: Sugar, Pasta, Bread

Molecular Structure Monosaccharide Polysaccharide

Analogy Monomer Polymer

Lipids Facts: FATS Not soluble in water Elements: C,H,O,O Function: long term energy storage component of cell membranes. insulation Monomer: glycerol, fatty acids Polymer: lipid Food Source Examples: oils, waxes, butter

Molecular Structure Example: Lard

Analogy

Nucleic Acids Facts: Must consume, Monomer made up of Sugar, Phosphate, and Nitrogenous Base, shape double helix Elements: CHONP Function: store and transmit genetic information. Monomer: nucleotide Polymer: nucleic acid Example: DNA, RNA

What do they look like? Polymer Monomer

Analogy

Proteins Facts: Every structure in your body is made up of proteins (skin, hair, nails, teeth, muscles, tendons etc.) Elements: C,H,O,N Function: Growth and Repair Monomer: Amino Acids Polymer: Proteins (Polypeptide) Food Source Examples: eggs, cheese, beans, meat the body can manufacture 14 of the 22 amino acids it needs. But the other 8 cannot be made by the body and must be obtained from the diet. These eight amino acids are called "essential amino acids"

Molecular Structure?

Analogy

Four Main Groups Carbohydrate Lipid Nucleic Acid Protein

Bell Ringer What is the function of each of the four biomolecules? How can you identify each biomolecule?

Macromolecule Flipbook Front View (Closed) Pay attention to the details….. Don’t miss anything….. Must use color and be creative….. Proteins Carbs Macromolecules Inside Flipbook (Opened up) Lipids Nucleic Acids Molecular Structure of a Protein Molecular Structure of a Carb Amino Acid (monomer) Functions of Proteins Functions of Carbohydrates Back View (Closed) Food Sources for Carbs Food Sources for Proteins Elements: Elements: Functions of Lipids Functions of Nucleic Acids Examples: for Nucleic Acid Food Sources: Fats: Elements: Elements: Molecular Structure of a Lipid Molecular Structure of a Nucleic Acid Glycerol Fatty Acid Chain Your Name: Period: Nitrogenous Base Phosphate Group Deoxyrybose Sugar

Bell Ringer: Why is water considered a “polar” molecule? Is the oxygen side positive or negative? Is the hydrogen side positive or negative? Define cohesion Define adhesion Draw a H20 Molecule - Label everything!

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