Get out your Do NOW Happy Friday!

Activity: Agree/Disagree 1 sentence about something you agree with in the news. 1 sentence about something you disagree with in the news. CNN 10

Roman Republic

Rome Built a Mighty Army Both patricians and plebeians lead double lives as farmers and soldiers because of the constant threat of war. All male citizens were required to serve in the army, and no one could hold public office until he served 10 years as a soldier. What is a patrician? Upper class Plebian? Lower class 2 Is this similar to Greece citystates?

Rome Built a Mighty Army Massive military units were called legions. Which consisted of: Infantry: 4,000-6,000 Heavily armed foot soldiers. Cavalry: Smaller groups on horseback that assisted the infantry. Each legion was divided into 60 smaller groups called a century. These soldiers were posted throughout the land - this helped Italy unite under Roman Rule building an EMPIRE – a group of states or territories controlled by one ruler

Carthage is a city state on the coast of Northern Africa – As the Roman Empire moved west conflict became inevitable

A Fight with Carthage 270 BC Rome had conquered all of Italy Controlled northern Africa (Carthage), Greece and parts of Asia Minor Expansion also led to much corruption. The long battles with Carthage were called the Punic Wars Rome was challenged by the Cathaginians because they didn’t have a navy Rome beat Carthage and won land of Sicily, Corsica, and Sardinia – this made them masters of the western Mediterranean

Ruling the Mediterranean The Romans were committed to imperialism Imperialism is the establishment of control over foreign lands and people Busy trade routes brought in all kinds of riches into Rome Greed and self interest replaced virtues Fighting was bound to happen in the city of Rome

Julius Caesar Caesar came to power in 48 BCE. Under Julius Caesar Rome conquered many lands. Reformed the government Founded libraries Planned public work projects Essentially an absolute ruler of Rome because of the turmoil the senate and other leaders had disappeared

Caesar Murdered Caesar was murdered in 44BCE by a group of Roman aristocrats who feared his power and did not want a dictator. What is an aristocrat? – wealthy land owners What is a dictator?

Augustus After Julius Caesar died, his grandnephew, Octavian (Augustus) took over. Augustus ruled with absolute power first emperor of Rome Started the Roman Empire period during which Rome was ruled by a series of emperors.

Under Augustus Peaceful period - lasted about 200 years Known as the Pax Romana. The government maintained order, enforced laws, defended the borders and helped the poor. Many public works projects were conducted, such as aqueducts, canals and roads.

Solid paved roads were built to assist trade and communication around the empire. Many still exist today. Helped move armies from in one place to another Easy to move people Easy to take over land More trade Practical – extremely straight 56,000 miles

Roman aqueducts were incredible works of engineering and architecture. The aqueducts could carry up to 300 million gallons of water to the city of Rome every day. Wealthy had their water piped – as you saw with the public bath

Mighty monuments to Roman power and dignity Proud of the accomplishments

Aqueducts to transport water

Roman architecture borrowed Greek elements, but made them more grand and heavy. Roman architects designed arches and domes that could carry great weights. Arches and columns for temples

columns

The Colosseum Stone and concrete bulding about 12-15 stories high and could hold about 50,000 spectators, just a tad smaller than Carter Finley stadium

Status was shown through where one sat in the audience of the colosseum

Great battles and events occurred there --- show video

Cultural Contributions Roman poets, historians and philosophers like Virgil and Tacitus wrote works in Latin that survive to this day. Latin is the root of several modern languages. Roman numerals can also be seen in many places today.

Legal Contributions – VERY important The most valued contribution and legacy of the Romans to the world was the Twelve Tables of written laws. The Roman legal system provided: security for the empire equality under the law the right to a defense Right to be considered innocent until proven guilty. The Roman legal system inspired legal principles still practiced around the world today. Unity and Stability were shown through the laws – this is the basis for many legal systems throughout the world, including the US

Rise of Christianity Romans paid little attention to Christianity at first then began to see it as a threat to society Persecution of Christians began under Emperor Nero around 64 A.D. Nero blamed Christians for a fire that burned Rome. He subjected them to cruel deaths Persecution strengthened Christianity forcing it to become more organized

Roman Acceptance of Christianity Christianity was appealing to the poor because it viewed everyone as equal Viewed Christianity as having a better life and the unity of the Roman empire also eased the work of missionaries Diocletian was the last major emperor to enforce persecution of Christians. He soon realized that Christianity was too powerful to be destroyed by force

Roman Acceptance of Christianity Constantine =first Christian Emperor from 306-337 A.D. issued Edict of Milan that tolerated Christianity in Rome Theodosius the Great = adopted Christianity as official religion in 380 A.D.

Activity We will read some of the 12 Tables established by the Romans out loud. Individually you will answer the questions that follow, they are clear and are to insure your understanding of the Roman Law. When you finish you may turn the paper into the back and begin working with your shark tank group for ~10 min

Kahoot Review The name generator will give you a name Everyone should be on Kahoot, not other apps Stay quiet after the question in case explanation is needed. Stay focused This is a privilege, I will take away our Kahoot reviews if we can’t handle playing them.