Module 10: Operant & Cognitive Approaches

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Presentation transcript:

Module 10: Operant & Cognitive Approaches Introduction to Psychology Virginia Union University Monday October, 3, 2011 Module 10: Operant & Cognitive Approaches

Classical Conditioning Recap A kind of learning in which a neutral stimulus (NS) acquires the ability to produce a response that was originally produced by a different stimulus Pavlov & his salivating dogs Selecting Stimulus & Response Before conditioning: Neutral Stimulus/NS (bell) = Neutral Response/NR (no salivation) Establishing Classical Conditioning During conditioning: Neutral Stimulus/NS (bell) + Unconditioned Stimulus/UCS (food) = Unconditioned Response/UCR (salivating dog) Testing for Conditioning After conditioning: Conditioned Stimulus/CS (bell) = Conditioned Response/CR (salivating dog) Balloon demonstration

Other Examples of Classical Conditioning Balloon Demonstration (fill in the blanks) Selecting Stimulus & Response Before conditioning: NS () = NR () Establishing Classical Conditioning During conditioning: NS () + UCS () = UCR () Testing for Conditioning After conditioning: CS () = CR ()

Other Examples of Classical Conditioning Balloon Demonstration Selecting Stimulus & Response Before conditioning: NS (counting to 3) = NR (no response) Establishing Classical Conditioning During conditioning: NS (counting to 3) + UCS (balloon popping) = UCR (jumping/bracing for the balloon pop) Testing for Conditioning After conditioning: CS (counting to 3) = CR (jumping/bracing for the balloon pop) Other Classical Conditioning Examples?

Operant Conditioning Operant Conditioning Also called instrumental conditioning, is a kind of learning in which an animal or human performs some behavior, and the following consequence (reward or punishment) increases or decreases the chance that an animal or human will again perform that same behavior. Behavior being repeated depends on whether the consequence of that behavior is a reward, or a punishment

Operant Conditioning Reinforcement Punishment A consequence that occurs after a behavior and increases the chance that the behavior will occur again Examples: $$ for good grades, praise for performing well in a game Other Examples: Punishment A consequence that occurs after a behavior and decreases the chance that the behavior will occur again Examples: expulsion for misbehaving in school, paying fines & fees for speeding

Operant Conditioning Krispy Kremes Example Reinforcement: Punishment:

Operant Conditioning Krispy Kremes Example Reinforcement: arriving to class on time or early – receive a donut Punishment: arriving to class late – no donuts

There will be NO class on Wednesday October 5, 2011 Instead, you are expected to use that class time to complete an assignment that is due in my inbox by 9am on Wednesday October 5th, 2011. They will not be accepted late. Provide 2 examples each of classical conditioning, reinforcement and punishment (which means that you should be submitting 6 examples total, 2 for classical conditioning, 2 for reinforcement and 2 for punishment) Use the classical conditioning equation described in class to identify the NS, NR, UCS, UCR, CS and CR for each of your classical conditioning examples. If you have any questions about this assignment, please email (fitzgeralday@gmail.com) or call me.