Volume 70, Pages S12-S15 (July 2006)

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Volume 70, Pages S12-S15 (July 2006) Direct injection of calcitriol or its analog into hyperplastic parathyroid glands induces apoptosis of parathyroid cells K. Shiizaki, S. Negi, I. Hatamura, K. Tatsuta, M. Shibata, S. Shimada, T. Sakaguchi, T. Akizawa Kidney International Volume 70, Pages S12-S15 (July 2006) DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5001596 Copyright © 2006 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Changes in serum intact PTH level and PTG volume following PCIT (n=11). After PCIT, both the serum intact-PTH level and PTG volume were significantly decreased (*P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs before PCIT by analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc multiple comparisons using Dunnett's tests). Kidney International 2006 70, S12-S15DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5001596) Copyright © 2006 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Changes in serum intact PTH level and PTG volume following PMIT (n=22). After PMIT, both the serum intact-PTH level and PTG volume were significantly decreased (**P<0.01 vs before PMIT by analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc multiple comparisons using Dunnett's tests). Kidney International 2006 70, S12-S15DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5001596) Copyright © 2006 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Representative findings of in situ detection of DNA fragmentation in PTCs by TUNEL following direct injection of OCT (DI-OCT) or vehicle (DI-vehicle). After DI-vehicle, few TUNEL-positive PTCs can be seen, but after DI-OCT, there are many (× 400). Kidney International 2006 70, S12-S15DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5001596) Copyright © 2006 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Schematic of the mechanism underlying the effect of PMIT. SHPT progresses from diffuse hyperplasia to nodular hyperplasia during uremia. Advanced SHPT (i.e. nodular hyperplasia) is resistant to conventional medical treatments because of the low contents of VDR and CaSR in PTCs and severe PTG hyperplasia. PMIT induced the upregulations of both VDR and CaSR and regression of the PTG hyperplasia. Thus, it is possible for some patients with refractory SHPT to avoid PTx, which can be accompanied by some problems. PTH, parathyroid hormone. Kidney International 2006 70, S12-S15DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5001596) Copyright © 2006 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions