CHAPTER 3.2 Part I ENERGY FLOW

I.WHERE DOES THE ENERGY COME FROM FOR EVERY ORGANISM TO INTERACT A. SUNLIGHT is the main energy source for LIFE 1. Less than 1% of the sunlight is used by living things 2. Photosynthesis – the process of obtaining light energy to make food. B. CHEMICALS are another source of energy 1. Some bacteria can convert energy from chemicals through a process called chemosynthesis

II. WHO MAKES THE ENERGY A. AUTOTROPHS (PRODUCERS) 1. Plants (Sunlight) 2. Some Algae (sunlight) 3. Some Bacteria (breaking down chemicals – where no sunlight is found) B. Without AUTOTROPHS or a constant input of energy, living things cannot function (live)

III. WHO USES THE ENERGY MADE FROM PRODUCERS A. CONSUMERS or HETEROTROPHS 1. They rely on other organisms for food and energy 2. Animals, Fungi, bacteria, protists

B. 5 TYPES of CONSUMERS Eat plants HERBIVORE Eat Animals (meat) Eat Animals and Plants Feed on dead matter (detritus) Break down organic matter or dead things HERBIVORE CARNIVORE OMNIVORE DETRITIVORE (scavenger) DECOMPOSER

IV. ENERGY FLOW!!!! A. FOOD CHAIN – energy stored by producers can be passed on through an ecosystem along a food chain. B. FOOD WEB – combination of food chains in an ecosystem

Think-Pair-Share Do you think we could survive without producers? Why or Why not?

V. TROPHIC LEVELS 1. Each step in a food chain or web is called a trophic level 2. Producers are always in the first trophic level 3. Herbivores or omnivores are in the second trophic level 4. Other consumers (omnivore or carnivore) are in third, fourth,… higher trophic level.

VI. Levels of Consumer- Depends on Food Chain – what was just eaten 1. 1st Order Consumer - eats producer (2nd TL) 2. 2nd Order Consumer – eats 1st order consumer 3. 3rd Order Consumer – eats 2nd order 4. 4th order consumer…

Where do the arrows point? What level of consumer are they? What are the trophic levels? Level of Consumer 1st -Order 2nd - Order 3rd- Order Trophic level 1st TL 2nd T.L. 3rd T.L 4th T.L Level of Consumer 2nd -Order 1st - Order Trophic level 3rd TL 2nd TL 1st TL

Food Webs 3rd Trophic Level 2nd Trophic Level 1st Trophic Level

The top of the food chain. HUMAN – can you think why? Some animals are said to be at the top of the food chain. This is because they are not hunted by other animals. What are some examples? LION - Can you think why? HUMAN – can you think why? HAWK – Can you think Why?

Breaking the Chain Organisms living in a habitat depend on each other. If one part of a food chain dies out or is greatly reduced, the consumers have to find alternative food, move away, or starve. This then affects more consumers in the same way.

Plickers What is the trophic level of an animal that eats a producer called? A- 1st level B- 2nd level C- 3rd level D- All of the above

Plickers What is the main difference between a food web and a food chain? A-Food Web is only 1 path B-Food Chain is multiple paths C-Food Web is multiple paths D-There is no difference

Plicker What is each step in a food chain or food web called? A-Order B-Consumer C-Trophic Level D- There is no steps

Which is not a type of consumer? A-Carnivore B-Decomposer C-Herbivore D-iwilleatanything-avore