Static Routing For Multiple Routers Slides Prepared By Adeel Ahmed, Updated By, Syed Ameen Quadri.

Static Routing For Multiple Routers - Network Diagram 10.0.0.1/8 S0 11.0.0.1/8 S0 JIZ S1 10.0.0.2/8 JED S1 11.0.0.2/8 RYD E0 192.168.1.150/24 E0 192.168.2.150/24 E0 192.168.3.150/24 LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24

Disadvantages of Static Routing Administrative work is more. Compulsory need of Destination Network ID’s Used for only Small organizations It cannot dynamically update topology changes.

Default Routing A Default routing protocol is configured for unknown destinations. Generally used in the internet where the destinations are unknown. Example : The address of yahoo is unknown. Configured at end points It is the last preferred routing

Default Routing - Real Time Example INTERNET JIZ E0 192.168.1.150/24 E0 202.54.30.150/24 LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 IP 202.54.30.1/24

Default Routing - Network Diagram 10.0.0.1/8 S0 11.0.0.1/8 S0 JIZ S1 10.0.0.2/8 JED S1 11.0.0.2/8 RYD E0 192.168.1.150/24 E0 192.168.2.150/24 E0 192.168.3.150/24 LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24

Directly Connected Networks on Jizan Router 192.168.1.0 10.0.0.0 Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.1.150 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Jizan Router User Access Verification password : Directly Connected Networks on Jizan Router 192.168.1.0 10.0.0.0 Indirectly Connected Networks on Jizan Router 192.168.2.0 192.168.3.0 11.0.0.0 **** Jizan> enable password : **** Jizan# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Jizan(config)# interface serial 0 Jizan(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Jizan(config-if)# no shut Jizan(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Jizan(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Jizan(config-if)# exit Jizan(config)# Diagram

Jizan(config)# no ip routing Jizan(config)# ip routing Jizan(config)# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 Jizan(config)# ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 Jizan(config)# ip route 11.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.2 Jizan(config)# Diagram

Gateway of last resort is not set Jizan(config)# no ip routing Jizan(config)# ip routing Jizan(config)# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 Jizan(config)# ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 Jizan(config)# ip route 11.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.2 Jizan(config)# ^Z Jizan# show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 S 11.0.0.0/8 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2 S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2 Jizan# Diagram

Directly Connected Networks on Jeddah Router 192.168.2.0 10.0.0.0 Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.2.150 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Jeddah Router User Access Verification password : Directly Connected Networks on Jeddah Router 192.168.2.0 10.0.0.0 11.0.0.0 Indirectly Connected Networks on Jeddah Router 192.168.1.0 192.168.3.0 **** Jeddah> enable password : **** Jeddah# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Jeddah(config)# interface serial 1 Jeddah(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 Jeddah(config-if)# no shut Jeddah(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Jeddah(config-if)# interface serial 0 Jeddah(config-if)# ip address 11.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Jeddah(config-if)# no shut Jeddah(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Diagram

Jeddah(config-if)# exit Jeddah(config)# no ip routing Jeddah(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 Jeddah(config)# ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.2 Jeddah(config)# Diagram

Gateway of last resort is not set Jeddah(config-if)# exit Jeddah(config)# no ip routing Jeddah(config)# ip routing Jeddah(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 Jeddah(config)# ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.2 Jeddah(config)# ^Z Jeddah# show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.1 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 11.0.0.2 Jeddah# Diagram

Directly Connected Networks on Riyadh Router 192.168.3.0 11.0.0.0 Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.3.150 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Riyadh Router User Access Verification password : Directly Connected Networks on Riyadh Router 192.168.3.0 11.0.0.0 Indirectly Connected Networks on Riyadh Router 192.168.1.0 192.168.2.0 10.0.0.0 **** Riyadh> enable password : **** Riyadh# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Riyadh(config)# interface serial 1 Riyadh(config-if)# ip address 11.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 Riyadh(config-if)# no shut Riyadh(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Riyadh(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Riyadh(config-if)# exit Riyadh(config)# Diagram

Riyadh(config)# no ip routing Riyadh(config)# ip routing ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.1 Riyadh(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.1 Riyadh(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 11.0.0.1 Riyadh(config)# Diagram

Gateway of last resort is not set S 10.0.0.0/8 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 Riyadh(config)# no ip routing Riyadh(config)# ip routing Riyadh(config)# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.1 Riyadh(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.1 Riyadh(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 11.0.0.1 Riyadh(config)# ^Z Riyadh# show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set S 10.0.0.0/8 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 Riyadh# Diagram

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.1.150 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Jizan Router User Access Verification password : **** Jizan> enable password : **** Jizan# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Jizan(config)# interface serial 0 Jizan(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Jizan(config-if)# no shut Jizan(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Jizan(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Jizan(config-if)# exit Jizan(config)# Diagram

Configuring Default Route Jizan(config)# no ip routing Jizan(config)# ip routing Jizan(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0 Jizan(config)# Configuring Default Route Router(config)# ip route <Destination Network ID> <Destination Subnet Mask> <Next-hop IP address > Or <Exit interface type><interface number> Diagram

Gateway of last resort is not set Jizan(config)# no ip routing Jizan(config)# ip routing Jizan(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0 Jizan(config)# ^Z Jizan# show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial0 Jizan# * – for Default Route Diagram

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.3.150 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Riyadh Router User Access Verification password : **** Riyadh> enable password : **** Riyadh# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Riyadh(config)# interface serial 1 Riyadh(config-if)# ip address 11.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 Riyadh(config-if)# no shut Riyadh(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Riyadh(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Riyadh(config-if)# exit Riyadh(config)# Diagram

Riyadh(config)# no ip routing Riyadh(config)# ip routing ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s1 Riyadh(config)# Diagram

Gateway of last resort is not set Riyadh(config)# no ip routing Riyadh(config)# ip routing Riyadh(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s1 Riyadh(config)# ^Z Riyadh# show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial1 Riyadh# * – for Default Route Diagram

Gateway of last resort is not set Jizan(config)# no ip routing Jizan(config)# ip routing Jizan(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0 Jizan(config)# ^Z Jizan# show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial0 Jizan# ping 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms Jizan# Diagram

Gateway of last resort is not set Riyadh(config)# no ip routing Riyadh(config)# ip routing Riyadh(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s1 Riyadh(config)# ^Z Riyadh# show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial1 Riyadh# ping 192.168.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms Riyadh# Diagram

Type escape sequence to abort. Jizan# ping 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms Jizan# ping 192.168.2.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms Jizan# Diagram

Type escape sequence to abort. Jeddah# ping 192.168.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms Jeddah# ping 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms Jeddah# Diagram

Type escape sequence to abort. Riyadh# ping 192.168.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms Riyadh# ping 192.168.2.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms Riyadh# Diagram