THeories And why they matter
What is a theory?
Characteristics of scientific knowledge/theories Empirical Rational Testable (falsifiable) Parsimonious General Tentative Rigorously (and publically) evaluated Characteristics of scientific knowledge/theories
Example of how theories grow Bystander intervention -> Diffusion of responsibility-> Test in different ways-> Does it apply to other situations?-> Social impact theory Example of how theories grow
What do theories do? Classify/describe things Predict Explain Guide research What do theories do?
Circular reasoning Tautologies
Intervening variables Concepts that link the IV and DV Mediator—accounts for the relationship between the IV and DV; tells “why” Moderator—affects the direction or strength of the relationship: tells “when” or “how” Intervening variables