Density Density is the mass of unit volume. Unit g/cm3 or kg/m3.

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Presentation transcript:

Density Density is the mass of unit volume. Unit g/cm3 or kg/m3

Density and flotation If an object floats in a fluid its density is less than that of the fluid.

Flotation Archimedes principle: When a body is immersed in a fluid the up thrust is equal to the weight of fluid displaced. Law of flotation: When a body floats in a fluid, the up thrust equals the weight of fluid displaced.

Pressure is the force on unit area. It is measured in pascals. Area of foot 0.1m2. Weight 20000N. What pressure is exerted on the ground? Pressure is the force on unit area. It is measured in pascals.

Pressure Area of stiletto heel 0.0001 m2 Weight 700N Pressure ?

Pressure Area of welly heel 0.0016m2 Weight 700N Pressure ?

Measuring Pressure A barometer is used to measure pressure.

The Mercury Barometer

Altimeter An altimeter uses pressure readings to measure height.

Water Pressure

Pressure in a fluid Pressure increases with depth in a fluid. Pressure acts equally in all directions.

Atmospheric pressure Caused by the weight of the atmosphere. Decreases with height above sea level. High pressure causes clear skies, low pressure causes cloudy skies. To demonstrate atmospheric pressure. Fill a glass with water and cover with a card. Invert the glass and the water does not fall out due to atmospheric pressure.

Low pressure causes wind and rain. High pressure causes clear skies. Isobars are the lines of equal pressure on weather charts. The closer the isobars the stronger the wind.

Pressure and boiling point Increasing pressure increases boiling point. Pressure cooker Pressure and melting point Increasing pressure lowers melting point

Boyle’s Law Boyle’s Law states that at constant temperature the pressure on a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to its volume.