Cell Theory The cell is the basic unit of life All organisms are composed of one or more cells. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

What does a cell look like? Draw and label what you can remember about a cell. There are no wrong or right answers

Is this what you remember?

The Two Types of Cells

Today’s Lesson Focuses On: Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells The differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Organelles and their functions

Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic Cells: Lack a nucleus Cell’s DNA floats in the middle of the cell. Do not have organelles They do have ribosomes. Are also known as bacteria.

Eukaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic Cells: 10 time larger than prokaryotic cells Include: plant, animal, fungi, and protists Have a nucleus and many other membrane-covered organelles DNA is stored in the nucleus of the cell The DNA molecules are linear All eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane Some have a cell wall

Comparison of The Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells

Comparison of The Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic Cells No nucleus No membrane-covered organelles DNA floats around (circular) Bacteria Eukaryotic Cells Nucleus Membrane-covered organelles DNA in nucleus (linear) All other cells ( plant, animal, fungi, protists)

Animal DNA – Double Helix

Eukaryotic Cells: The Inside Story

Eukaryotic Cells What is an organelle? An organelle is a structure within a cell, sometimes surrounded by a cell membrane. They are structures that allow the cell to live, grow, and reproduce.

Organelle’s and Their Functions Nucleus Contains the cell’s DNA and is the control center of the cell

Organelle’s and Their Functions Chloroplasts Make food using energy from the sunlight

Organelle’s and Their Functions Golgi Bodies Processes and transports materials out of the cell

Organelle’s and Their Functions Vacuole Stores water and other material

Organelle’s and Their Functions Lysosomes Digestive system for cell

Organelle’s and Their Functions Mitochondria Break down food molecules to make ATP (energy)

Organelle’s and Their Functions Endoplasmic Reticulum Breaks down lipids, drugs and other substances, packages up proteins for release from the cell

Organelle’s and Their Functions Ribosomes The site where amino acids are hooked together to make proteins

Cell Wall .

Cell Wall Only found in plant cells and bacteria (prokaryotic cells). They are tough, outer coverings that protect the cell and give it shape

Cell Membrane Protective layer around all cells. It allows things to come in and out of the cell. ( Like a flood gate) Made of a phospholipid bilayer

Cell Membrane