6.2 Covalent Bonding By: The Freshman Class!.

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Presentation transcript:

6.2 Covalent Bonding By: The Freshman Class!

Chemical Formula Chemical Formula= a notation that shows what elements a compound contains and the ratio od the atom or ions of these elements in a compound. A Chemical formula can be used to describe the molecules of an element as well as a compound. A Chemical Formula for an ionic compound tells you the ratio of the ions in the compound

Sharing Electrons Covalent Bond- a chemical bond in which two atoms share a pair of Valence electrons. Single Bond- When two atoms share one pain of electrons

Molecules of Elements Molecule- a neutral group of atoms that are joined together by one or more covalent bonds. The attractions between the shared electrons and the protons in each nucleus hold the atoms together in a covalent bond. Nonmetals usually exist as diatomic Diatomic means “Two atoms”

Polar Covalent Bonds In a molecule of an element, the atoms that form covalent bonds have the same ability to attract an electron. In a molecule of a compound, electrons may not be shared equally Polar- mean opposite in character, nature or direction. Polar Covalent Bond- a covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally. When atoms form a polar covalent bond, the atom with the greater attraction for electrons has a partial negative charge. The other atoms has a partial positive charge.

Polar and Nonpolar Molecules The type of atoms in a molecule and its shape are factors that determine whether a molecule is polar of nonpolar Polar- a molecule only has two atoms When a molecule has a bent shape rather than a linear shape, the polar bonds do not cancel out.

Attraction Between Molecules Attraction between polar molecules are stronger that attractions between nonpolar molecules. In a diagram if the line is dashed that represents an attraction between the two atoms.

EXTRA!! Crystals Solids whose particles are arranged in lattice structure.

Quiz Time Right your answers on a piece of paper!

Quiz Time! 1. What is a covalent Bond? 2. Which molecule has a stronger attraction? 3. What do the dashed lines represent in a diagram? 4. What is a polar covalent bond? 5. What are the factors for determining if an atom is 6. polar or nonpolar? 6. What happens if the molecule has a bent shape rather than a linear shape? 7. What is a chemical Formula? 8. What can a chemical Formula be used for? 9. The chemical formula for an ionic compound tell you what?

Quiz Time! 10. What is a crystal? 9.The chemical formula for an ionic compound tell you what? 10. What is a crystal?

Answers! 1. a chemical bond in which two atoms share a pair of Valence electrons 2. Polar 3. Strong attraction between the two atoms 4. Elements are not shared equally 5. The type of atoms in the molecule and its shape 6. The polar bonds do not cancel out 7. a notation that shows what elements a compound contains and the ratio od the atom or ions of these elements in a compound.

Answers! 8. can be used to describe the molecules of an element as well as a compound. 9. A Chemical Formula for an ionic compound tells you the ratio of the ions in the compound 10. Solids whose particles are arranged in lattice structure.