Friday November 16, 2018 EQ- What are the most common American values recognized today in our society? How is society different from culture? Journal Log- Make a list of fifteen things, both material and non- material, that you value. Then, Rank the items by the value you place on them. The most important would be number one; the least important would be number fifteen. Now, I am giving you $1000.00 to spend on these values. You must decide how much you will spend on each item based on how important it is to you. You can put all your money on one item, or spread the money out. Homework- Work on Review Sheet/Test 11/27

Norms, Values, & Traditions

Values Ideas about what’s right and wrong, good and bad, wanted and unwanted in a culture. Values are collective ideas within a society.

Values 1. Individualism – People are responsible for their own success or failure. 2. Achievement and success – Personal achievement results from successful competition with others. 3. Activity and work – Industrious people are praised, while the lazy are ridiculed. 4. Science and technology – Americans put great faith in science and technology. They expect technological advance to eventually control nature, the aging process, and death. 5. Progress and material comfort – Material comforts of life include not only basic necessities (Shelter, nutrition, and medical care) but also the goods and services that make life easier and more pleasant.

Values 6. Efficiency and practicality – People want things to be bigger, better, and faster. 7. Equality – Overt class distinctions are rejected in the U.S. Yet “equality” is defined as “equality of opportunity” an assumed chance to achieve success – not as “equality of outcome.” 8. Morality and humanitarianism – Aiding others, especially after natural disasters. 9. Freedom and liberty – Freedom includes the right to ownership of property, engage in private enterprise, and speech are considered basic rights. 10. Race and group superiority – People value their own racial or ethnic group above all others, this leads to discrimination. Superiority of their country and that “the American way is the best.”

Values: Do these values still prevail in the US today? Which value to believe is the most/least important? What values would you add to the list?

Norms The rules that a group uses to determine appropriate and inappropriate values, beliefs, attitudes and behaviors.

Types of Norms Folkways are everyday customs that can be broken without serious consequences. (i.e. underarm deodorant, brushing your teeth) Etiquette Prescriptions - say what behaviors are appropriate or acceptable. example: sleeping in bed vs. sleeping on floor removing hat in church Proscriptions - say what behaviors are inappropriate and unacceptable. example: wearing different colored socks speaking loudly in quiet place

Norms Mores – are strongly held norms with moral and ethical connotations that may not be violated without serious consequences in a particular culture. (illegal / formal) Example: using loud profanity during religious service Formal – (laws) written and involve a specific punishments for violators. Enforced by officials. Example: speeding or murder Informal - less important norms that are unwritten, but understood by people who share a common identity. Example: similar to etiquette; saying thank you or men do not cross their legs Sanctions are rewards for good behavior (positive) or penalties for bad (negative). Can be formal or informal. Example: soldier earns congressional medal/teacher rewards student Taboos - the strongest mores – violation is considered extremely offensive and unmentionable. Causes moral revolution. Example: cannibalism/incest

Indicate whether these statements best reflect a folkway (F), a more (M), a law (L), or a value (V) A. Norm against cursing aloud in church B. Norm encouraging eating three meals a daily C. Idea of progress D. Norm against burning a national flag E. Norm encouraging sleeping in a bed F. Norm prohibiting murder G. Norm against overtime parking H. Idea of Freedom