Alveolar lymphangiogenesis is a feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). a) Tissue sections reacted with anti-D2-40 (brown) and anti-CD34 (red)

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Alveolar lymphangiogenesis is a feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). a) Tissue sections reacted with anti-D2-40 (brown) and anti-CD34 (red) antibodies. Alveolar lymphangiogenesis is a feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). a) Tissue sections reacted with anti-D2-40 (brown) and anti-CD34 (red) antibodies. Lymphatic vessels (D2-40+; black arrows) and blood vessels (CD-34+; red arrows) are visible adjacent to the alveolar spaces (Alv) in early stages of disease. b, c) Presence of hyaluronic acid in IPF lung. Immunofluorescence staining with hyaluronan-binding protein of paraffin-embedded sections of IPF lung tissue shows hyaluronic acid (red) in a representative single confocal microscopy optical section. Fibroblastic areas (*) displaying positive staining for hyaluronic acid are presented as merged images of hyaluronic acid and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI; blue) with (b) or without (c) an auto-fluorescence signal (green) and differential influence contrast. Cell nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale barsequals;50 μm. Connie G. Glasgow et al. Eur Respir Rev 2012;21:196-206 ©2012 by European Respiratory Society