Structure & Function Heart

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Presentation transcript:

Structure & Function Heart

Structure of Heart The heart is surrounded by a fluid filled membrane called the PERICARDIUM Fluid prevents friction between the outer wall and the covering of the membrane, so the heart can beat freely

Heart Chambers Top Chambers are the left and right ATRIA (singular atrium) Bottom Chambers are the left and right VENTRICLES atrium walls are thin because only needed to pump blood to bottom chambers

Structure & Function of the Heart Right Side receives deoxygenated blood from body this side pumps this blood to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries pulmonary arteries are the only arteries in body that contain blood that is low in oxygen Left Side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs blood returns to heart from the lungs through the pulmonary veins pulmonary veins are the only veins in body that contain blood high in oxygen this side pumps blood through left atrium & left ventricle to the body via the aorta You will make your own diagram!!!

Superior Vena Cava Large blood vessel that returns deoxygenated blood from the head, neck, and arms to the heart. Inferior Vena Cava Vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from lower body to the heart Pulmonary Artery Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs Pulmonary Veins Carries oxygenated blood from lungs back to heart Aorta Carries oxygenated blood to the entire body The largest artery

Heart Valves A system of valves prevent blood from moving backwards through the heart Atrioventricular valves (AV valve) separate the atrium and ventricle Semilunar valves (SL valve) separate ventricles from pulmonary artery and aorta Semilunar Valve (Pulmonary Valve) Semilunar Valve (Aortic Valve) Atrioventricular Valve (Bicuspid Valve) Atrioventricular Valve (Tricuspid Valve)

The Heartbeat The contraction of the atria is controlled by a small pocket of nerve cells called the sinoatrial (SA) node = pacemaker Causes a the atrioventricular (AV) node to send a signal to make the ventricles contract

Heart Sounds Heart sounds caused by the closing of the valves Creates “lub-dub” sound! ”lub” closing of AV valve ”dub” closing of SL valve Semilunar Valve (Pulmonary Valve) Semilunar Valve (Aortic Valve) Atrioventricular Valve (Bicuspid Valve) Atrioventricular Valve (Tricuspid Valve)