Objective: Compare characteristics of taxonomic groups, and categorize organisms using a hierarchical classification systems WE WILL: Review Classification and Kingdoms YOU WILL: Complete Warm-Up

CLASSIFICATION & 6 KINGDOM NOTES Taxonomy-the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms; systematics Classification-the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics.

Why classify organisms? To organize the diversity of life To help us know what we are talking about Ex. Brown animal – beaver or bison?

In order to work well, a classification system must be established and logical Furthermore, classification rules must have real biological meaning, so that you can identify an organism in the field Don’t use: tall, colors, big, small Do use: greater than 2 meters in height, large eyes compared to head size, tail longer than body

The Swedish biologist Carl von Linne developed the classification system we currently use today. He later changed his name to match his system and is now known as Carolus Linneaus. His classification system consists of 7 levels; they are: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species

Classification System Hint Levels Example Broadest King Kingdom Animalia Phillip Phylum Chordata Came Class Mammalia Over Order Carnivora For Family Canidae Green Genus Canus Soup species familiaris Most specific

In this classification system, each organism has a two-part scientific name; this system of naming organisms is called binomial nomenclature In particular, organisms must have a universally accepted name

We use Latin to name organisms, why? 1. It is a dead, unchanging language 2. There is no competition among countries

Every scientific name has 3 parts: 1. The entire name is italicized or underlined 2. The name is made up of the Genus and species names of the organism 3. The first word is capitalized and the second is lowercase. Examples: Homo sapiens, Canus familiaris, Equus caballus

Definitions A prokaryote (P) does not have a nucleus A eukaryote (E) does have a nucleus An autotroph can make its own food A heterotroph cannot make its own food

Objective: Compare characteristics of taxonomic groups, and categorize organisms using a hierarchical classification systems WE WILL: Review Classification and Kingdoms YOU WILL: Complete Warm-Up Kingdom Activity

THE 6 KINGDOMS

Archaebacteria (P) Domain: Archaea Cell type: Prokaryotic Structures: Ribosomes, cell wall Unicellular Ex: Methanogens & Halophiles

Eubacteria (P) Domain: Bacteria Cell type: Prokaryotic Structures: Ribosomes, cell wall Unicellular Nutrition: Autotrophic or heterotrophic Ex: Common bacteria (staph, strep)

Protista (E) Domain: Eukarya Cell type: Eukaryotic Unicellular Nutrition: Autotroph or Heterotroph Ex: Ameba, Euglena, Paramecium

Fungi (E) Eukaryotic Nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall of chitin Heterotroph Mold, Yeast, Ringworm, Mushrooms

Plantae (E) Eukaryotic Multicellular Autotrophic Mosses, Ferns, Grass, Trees, Flowering plants

Animalia (E) Eukaryotic Nucleus, mitochondria, lysosome Multicellular Heterotrophic Snakes, Worms, Dogs, Sponges, Insects, Humans