Volume 117, Issue 4, Pages 806-813 (October 1999) Functional and ethnic association of allele 2 of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene in ulcerative colitis  Nikolaos A. Tountas, Vincenzo Casini–Raggi, Huiying Yang, Francesco S. Di Giovine, Maurizio Vecchi, Lori Kam, Lorenzo Melani, Theresa T. Pizarro, Jerome I. Rotter, Fabio Cominelli  Gastroenterology  Volume 117, Issue 4, Pages 806-813 (October 1999) DOI: 10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70338-0 Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Carriage of allele 2 in patients from LAC-USC Medical Center and ethnically matched controls. IL-1ra genotypes were determined by PCR using specific oligonucleotide primers flanking the VNTR in intron 2 of the IL-1ra gene (IL-1RN*2). Results are reported as the percentage of probands with at least 1 copy of allele 2. Carriage rate of IL-1RN*2 in controls (■, 33%) compared with patients with UC (▨, 70%). P < 0.001, χ2; between controls and UC group (OR, 4.7; 95% confidence limits, 2.3-9.6). Gastroenterology 1999 117, 806-813DOI: (10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70338-0) Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Carriage of allele 2 in patients from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, and ethnically matched controls. ■, Control; ▨, UC; 2, CD. IL-1ra genotypes were determined by PCR using specific oligonucleotide primers flanking the VNTR in intron 2 of the IL-1ra gene (IL-1RN*2). Results are reported as the percentage of probands with at least 1 copy of allele 2. (A) Carriage rate of IL-1RN*2 in controls (47.5%) compared with patients with UC (58.5%) and CD (47.5%). P < 0.04, χ2; between controls and UC group (OR, 1.7; 95% confidence limits, 1.0-3.1). The CD group has a frequency similar to that of controls (P = 0.66). (B) Carriage rate of IL-1RN*2 after dividing the population into Jewish and non-Jewish groups. P < 0.003, χ2; between Jewish controls and Jewish UC group (OR, 5.0; 95% confidence limits, 1.5-17.5). The Jewish CD group has a frequency similar to that of controls (P = 0.85). Gastroenterology 1999 117, 806-813DOI: (10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70338-0) Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Carriage of allele 2 in patients from University of Milan Medical Center and ethnically matched controls. IL-1ra genotypes were determined by PCR using specific oligonucleotide primers flanking the VNTR in intron 2 of the IL-1ra gene (IL-1RN*2). Results are reported as the percentage of probands with at least 1 copy of allele 2. The carriage rate of IL-1RN*2 is shown in controls (■, 52%) compared with UC (▨, 48.5%) and CD (2, 47%) patients. No statistical differences in IL-1RN*2 carriage rates were detected between groups. Gastroenterology 1999 117, 806-813DOI: (10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70338-0) Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions