Unit 4 Review!

Election of 1824 Jackson wins the most electoral votes, but he doesn’t win a majority so the vote goes to the House of Representatives. Henry Clay is the Speaker of the House. He gets the House to vote for Adams, who had the second most votes. Adams makes Clay the Secretary of State. This is seen as the “Corrupt Bargain.”

Tariffs Tariffs are taxes on imported goods. They are designed to help American Industry compete against foreign markets. The North likes tariffs because they are industrial. The South hates them because they are agricultural and tariffs just drive up the price of goods.

The Tariff of Abominations. John Calhoun was Jackson’s Vice President, but he hates tariffs because he is from South Carolina. When Jackson pushes a tariff through Congress, Calhoun resigns.

Nullification Theory This was created by John Calhoun and he says that states rights are the most important, and if the National Government passes a law that a state doesn’t like, they can NULLIFY IT, which means they can say it doesn’t apply to them. He wants the state of South Carolina to Nullify the tariff.

The Crisis South Carolina is threatening to secede (break away from) the US. Henry Clay is able to get a compromise, though, and a lower tariff is agreed to by South Carolina and they decide to remain in the Union.

Democratic Party The followers of Jackson started referring to themselves as Democrats, and he is considered to be the founder of the Democratic Party. The Whigs were formed in opposition to Jackson and the Democrats.

Jackson and Indian Removal He wants the Cherokee out and gets Congress to pass a law that requires they leave. The Cherokee sue and win, but Jackson doesn’t enforce the Supreme Court’s decision. John Ross secretly signs the Treaty of New Echota, even though he didn’t have the authority to do so. The Treaty gave up the Cherokee’s land. This led to the forced removal of them, also referred to as the Trail of Tears.

Van Buren He was Jackson’s Vice President and he is president after him. He gets blame for the banking failure caused by Jackson’s “pet banks” and which leads to the Panic of 1837. Van Buren gets all the blame for the poor economy and he doesn’t win reelection.

Harrison Harrison beats Van Buren in the election of 1840. He wins by convincing the American people that he is a “common man.” He gives a 2 hour long inaugural speech, catches pneumonia, and dies a month later.