Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

What is PCR? PCR is a technique used to quickly amplify small segments of DNA

Amplification of DNA Each cycle doubles the number of DNA 1,000,000,000 copies after 30 cycles!

Why use PCR? Testing for disease Identifying species Crime scene analysis

How is PCR done? + Mix the ingredients in a microfuge tube and place samples into the thermocyler

Ingredients? DNA template Primers Nucleotide bases Taq Polymerase Buffer

Thermocycler Heating and cooling cycles are done in a thermocycler

Step 1: Denature Heat DNA (denature) to break hydrogen bonds to separate two strands

Step 2: Anneal Primers bind to template DNA strands

Step 3: Extend Taq Polymerase adds nucleotide bases to the new DNA strand

Analyze PCR samples PCR samples are analyzed by gel electrophoresis

YouTube PCR Animation