Statehood for Florida and Texas 13.2 Statehood for Florida and Texas

Florida July 17, 1821 - Florida became an American territory NW Ordinance of 1787 - Florida had: Appointed territorial governor Territorial legislature Nonvoting delegate to the United States Congress Tallahassee became capital in 1824 Midway between St. Augustine and Pensacola (2 largest cities at the time) Fewer than 8,000 people lived here (whites and their slaves, not counting Natives)

Florida (continued…) Florida land: very fertile Planters from southern states moved to Florida because they had warn out their soil Southern planters established cotton and tobacco plantations in FL Panhandle: cotton and tobacco plantations Central FL: small farms and cattle ranches

The Territory Grows 1837 Census reported 48,000 people lived in FL Enslaved people made up about ½ of FL’s population Officials called for a vote on whether or not FL became a state Only white men over 21 could vote After becoming a state, FL had to draw up a state constitution (Ratified January 11, 1839 by FL delegates) Governor elected for four years Elected General Assembly Called for public school system Allowed slavery (Because of this, Congress had to wait for another state to join as a free state before they approved FL)

Statehood for Florida Iowa: new free state President John Tyler signed Iowa as a free state and FL as a slave state March 3, 1845 FL becomes 27th state

Texas 1821: Mexico gained independence (this included Texas) At this time, non-Native American population of Texas was about 3,000 Majority of the people were Tejanos, or Mexicans who claimed Texas as their home At first, Mexico encouraged Americans to settle in Texas Before long, Americans outnumbered Tejanos

Texas (continued) Tensions grew between Americans and Mexico Americans did not want to follow Mexico’s rules Learning Spanish Becoming Catholic Americans had slaves and Mexico threatened to ban them 1830 Mexico issued a decree closing its borders Texans led my Stephen F. Austin and Sam Houston tried to make peace with Mexican leaders These efforts failed and they began to plan breaking away from Mexico

The Alamo 1835 the conflict grew violent A Mexican general took an Army into Texas to punish the rebels December 1835- Texans captured San Antonio February 1836- Mexican troops found a small Texan force barricaded inside a mission building called the Alamo

The Alamo (continued) About 180 Texan soldiers vs. several thousand Mexican troops Famous Texan leaders: Davy Crocket, William B. Travis, Jim Bowie Attack on the Alamo lasted 13 days March 6, 1836 - A Mexican cannon fired into the Alamo and smashed the walls Mexican troops stormed the Alamo and killed everyone except a few women and children and some servants Rallying cry: “Remember the Alamo”

Classwork Assignment Using Pages 362 and 363, write 9-12 sentences that summarize and include: How Texas declared its Independence The Lone Star Republic How Texas Became a State