Warm -Up Get out your Unit 5 Review and “Types of Selection” WS.

Warm -Up Study for the Evolution Test!

Warm -Up Get out your newspapers and continue to work on the articles.

Warm -Up List all the different types of trees you can think of. List at least ten different trees.

Warm -Up Look at the list of trees you made yesterday. Is there any way that you would group them together in different groups? Group them.

Wake County Biology Curriculum 4/7/2019 6:23 PM Taxonomy Wake County Biology Curriculum wikimedia.org © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Classification of Living things The world is filled with millions of different organisms. To study how they interact, we need to name them and organize them into groups This grouping and naming process is called taxonomy or classification.

Early Attempts of Classification Using Common Names A big problem was that some organisms had different names depending on the region. A puma, mountain lion, cougar, catamount and a panther are all the same animal. And these are just the English names.

Carolus Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778) was a Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature. www.entomologia.org

Carolus Linnaeus His modern taxonomy system had two kingdoms as the largest taxa: Plant Kingdom and Animal Kingdom www.entomologia.org

Two Kingdoms Plantae Animalia

However, after Linnaeus set up the system, it has changed However, after Linnaeus set up the system, it has changed. Our modern system has six kingdoms that have been divided up into domains.

4/7/2019 6:23 PM Before After © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Changing Number of Kingdoms Kingdoms and Domains Changing Number of Kingdoms 1700’s – two kingdoms: Plant and Animal Late 1800’s – three kingdoms: Plant, Animal, Protists 1950’s – Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plant, and Animal 1990’s – Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plant, and Animal 6 KINGDOMS

Now we also have a taxa called a domain. A domain is used to show the major differences between some of the oldest organisms.

2 Prokaryote Domains 1 Eukaryote Domain

Binomial Nomenclature Carolus Linnaeus Binomial Nomenclature Always two names for every organism Always written in italics. Capitalize the first name and use lower case for second For example, white oak is Quercus alba employees.csbsju.edu

Binomial Nomenclature Has seven levels containing all organisms. Each level is a taxon making several taxa www.goldiesroom.org

Kingdoms There are six kingdoms: A grizzly bear belongs to the Kingdom Animalia www.cartage.org.lb

Includes all animals on the planet.

Phylum Each Kingdom is divided into groups called Phyla (plural for phylum) Grizzly bears are in the phylum Chordata which means it has a backbone.

Includes all animals with a vertebrate.

Class Each Phylum is divided into groups called Classes. Grizzly bears are in the Class Mammalia or mammal

Includes all mammals

Order Each Class is divided into groups called Orders. Grizzly bears belong to the Order Carnivora or carnivores.

Includes all carnivores.

Family Each Order is divided into groups called Families. A grizzly bear is in the Family Ursidae which means “bear-like” animals

Includes all “bear-like” mammals.

Genus Each Family is divided into groups called Genera (plural for genus) A grizzly bear belongs to the Genus Ursus which means “true bear.”

Includes all true bears.

Species The Genus is divided into all the individual Species. This is the most specific taxon. The grizzly bear belongs to the species arctos. Therefore the binomial nomenclature for this bear is Ursus arctos. www.hickerphoto.com

Every organism that has been discovered is a member of each taxa level.

Some species can be divided into subspecies: division of species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species but speciation has not yet occurred.

Jaguar subspecies karlshuker.blogspot.com carnivoraforum.com thecoincidentaldandy.blogspot.com