Year 7 Robotics Key words Systems and Control- A control system manages, commands, directs or regulates the behaviour of other devices or systems. The Kitemark® is a conformity certification trade mark owned by BSI (British Standards Institution) and was originally only used in the UK, but it is now recognized throughout the world as a mark of quality. Automation- is the use of machines to do a task automatically without much, or any, human input. Quality Control- As a product or its components are manufactured, a series of samples may be taken from the production line to check the quality. The CE marking is a key indicator of a product's compliance with EU legislation and enables the free movement of products within the European market. Quality Assurance- (QA) is an overall approach to ensure that products attain a consistently high standard. Jig > Jigs, moulds and formers are often made to a high standard. Using the same jig will mean that the components will all be a uniform shape every time they are repeated. Reduction in manual labour, such as the introduction of laser cutters is enabling manufacturers to improve quality also. Tolerance- If the dimensions of components aren’t accurate they won’t fit together properly when the product is assembled. Tolerance is the required accuracy of a measurement, the amount of error that is allowed for a given task. The tolerance is usually given as an upper (+) and lower (-) limit for the measurement. For example, a 20mm measurement with a tolerance of ±0.5 has a lower limit of 19.5mm and an upper limit of 20.5mm. Mould > Allowances- On certain projects, an allowance of material may be required in a particular feature such as a lead on a component, the seam allowance or a joint overlap. This allowance makes it easier to complete the task accurately. For a wood joint, the material may protrude a millimetre beyond the final surface which allows it to be planed and sanded until perfectly smooth. Systems INPUT PROCESS/FEEDBACK OUTPUT This is the electronic component/technology responsible for monitoring the process. This is the manufacturing process taking place (Part being monitored). This what happens if the part passes or fails, the mechanical change.

Types of movement Types of levers Linear Motion Motion in a straight line indefinitely. Reciprocal Motion Back and forth motion. Rotation Motion Motion in a circle. Oscillating Motion Oscillation is a back and forth motion about a pivot point First order lever- the fulcrum is in the middle. The effort is on one side and the load is on the other. As you move the pivot closer to the load it becomes easier to lift. CAM profiles Second order lever- the fulcrum is at one end, the effort is at the other end and the load is in the middle. The closer together the pivot and the load are, the easier it is to lift. A CAM changes the input motion, which is usually rotary motion (a rotating motion), to a reciprocating motion of the follower. CAMs can be different shapes and sizes to change the output motion. Reverse motion linkage Gears Levers are used as force multipliers. A force multiplier exerts a greater force to the load than is a applied to the lever. Gears are like levers because they can multiply the effect of a turning force . Third order lever- the pivot is at one end, the load is at the other and the effort is in the middle. Moving the effort and pivot further apart makes it easier to move or lift the load. Push/pull linkage If you want to increase the moment of a turning effect, you need a small gear wheel to drive a larger gear wheel.