Please write in complete sentences! Bell Ringer/Do Now – 02/01/19 What is the job of the cardiovascular system? Please write in complete sentences!

Cardiovascular System Mrs. Hill http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7XaftdE_h60

Cardiovascular System - Cardio- Heart - Vascular- Blood Vessels

Circulatory Functions To move, circulate, blood around the body. To transport; oxygen, nutrients, and waste around the body.

Heart Structure Strongest muscle in the body Located close to the middle of the chest

Heart is made up of 3 layers Pericardium (outer layer) - Fluid filled sac that cushions the heart and prevents irritation

Myocardium (bulk of the heart) - Specially constructed muscle tissue cardiac muscle

Endocardium (heart lining) - Tissue that lines the chambers of the heart and the valves of the heart

The heart is divided into 4 chambers Atrium (upper two chambers) -blood enters the heart into these chambers Ventricles (lower two chambers) -blood exits the heart from these -chambers are larger and have thicker walls -left ventricle has the thickest walls

Valves (permit) the flow of blood in one direction Tricuspid valve Between the rt atrium and rt ventricle Mitral valve (bicuspid) Between left atrium and left ventricle Semilunar Valves - Located inside the pulmonary artery and aorta

Blood Vessels Arteries - carries blood away from the heart - all arteries carry oxygenated blood, except for the pulmonary artery

Veins - carry blood back to the heart - all veins carry deoxygenated blood, except for pulmonary veins

Capillaries - attach small arteries to small veins - 1 mil long, 25 to make an inch, joined end to end would extend 62,000 miles - allow the transfer of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between cells of the body and blood - this transfer, diffusion, occurs here because the walls are only one cell thick

Circulatory Problems Heart Disease (Coronary Artery Disease) Heart Attack- blood supply to the heart is reduced or stopped Cardiac Arrest- heart stops beating Hypertension- abnormally high blood pressure in arteries, may increase the chance of a heart attack or stroke

Problems Leukemia-a cancer of the tissue of the body that produces WBC’s Anemia-number of RBC’s or hemoglobin is below normal Hemophilia- a genetic disease in which blood doesn’t clot or clots very slowly Sickle Cell Anemia-genetic condition, were RBC’s clump together