COMPUTER BASICS BY MR. YOUSUF VALI 04-04-2019

THE WORD computer IS DERIVED FROM compute WHICH MEANS calculations. FATHER OF COMPUTERS : MR. CHARLES BABBAGE MOTHER OF COMPUTERS : ADA LOVELACE COMPUTER STANDS FOR : C ------------>COMMONLY O ----------->OPRATING M ------------->MACHINE P ------------->PARTICULARLY U -------------->USED IN T ---------------> TECHNOLOGY FOR E ----------------> EDUCATION R ----------------> RESEARCH 04-04-2019

INPUT : ENTERING THE DATA IN A COMPUTER IS CALLED INPUT. COMPUTER WORKS WITH THE HELP OF ELECTRICITY, IT CAN RECOGNIZE BOTH PRESENCE & ABSENCE OF POWER. COMPUTER DEFINITION: IT IS AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE WHICH TAKES INPUT PROCESS THE DATA AND GIVES OUTPUT. INPUT : ENTERING THE DATA IN A COMPUTER IS CALLED INPUT. INPUT DEVICES: 04-04-2019

OUTPUT DEVICES : PRODUCING THE RESULTS BASED ON USER’S INPUT. 04-04-2019

COMPUTERS ARE USED IN : OFFICES SCHOOLS COLLEGES BANKS HOSPITALS RAILWAYS AIRLINES TRANSPORT PROJECTS ACCOUNTS 04-04-2019

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF COMPUTERS : 04-04-2019

SPEED: IT WORKS IN HIGH SPEED. CHARACTERISTICS : SPEED: IT WORKS IN HIGH SPEED. ACCURACY: RESULTS PRODUCED ARE 100 % CORRECT. CONSISTENCY: IT DOES NOT GET TIRED. STORAGE: IT HAS HIGH STORAGE CAPACITY. VERSATILITY: IT PERFORMS VARIOUS TASKS. WHENEVER WE PRESS A CPU BUTTON THEN THE OPERATING SYSTEM LOADS INTO MEMMORY. WHAT IS AN OPERARING SYSTEM? THE OPERATING SYSTEM IS AN INTERFACE BETWEEN USER AND COMPUTER HARDWARE. EXAMPLE: MACINTOSH, WINDOWS, IOS, ANDROID WHATEVER THE TEXT YOU TYPE IN COMPUTER , IT AUTOMATICALLY CONVERTS INTO 0’S &1’S 04-04-2019

TYPES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES : A) LOW LEVEL LANGUANGE B) HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE LOW LEVEL LANGUAGE: PROGRAMMERS FEEL DIFFICULT TO LEARN MACHINE LEVEL: COMPUTER CAN UNDERSTAND 0’S & 1’S. DRAWBACK: IT IS DIFFERENT FROM ONE COMPUTER TO ANOTHER. B. ASSEMBLY LEVEL: THIS LANGUAGE USES LETTERS AND SYMBOLS INSTEAD OF 0’S & 1’S. DRAWBACK : THE ASSEMBLY LEVEL LANGUAGE ARE MACHINE DEPENDENT. HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE : IT IS EASY TO LEARN. EXAMPLE : C, JAVA THE TEXT YOU ENTERED AUTOMATICALLY CONVERTS INTO 0’S & 1’S USING TRANSLATORS. 04-04-2019

COMPILER: IT CONVERTS THE ENTIRE PROGRAM INTO MACHINE TYPES OF TRANSLATORS: COMPILER: IT CONVERTS THE ENTIRE PROGRAM INTO MACHINE LEVEL LANGUAGE AT A TIME. INTERPRETER: IT TRANSLATES THE PROGRAM IN A STEP BY STEP. C. ASSEMBLER: IT CONVERTS ASSEMBLY LEVEL LANGUAGE INTO MACHINE LEVEL LANGUAGE. COMPUTER SOFTWARE: IT IS A SET OF PROGRAMS. EXAMPLE: OPERATING SYSTEM ( WINDOWS, MACINTOSH, LINUX) 04-04-2019

COMPUTER HARDWARE: IT IS A PHYSICAL COMPONENT OF A COMPUTER. 04-04-2019

IT IS ALSO CALLED AS FIXED DISK MADEUP OF METAL PIECES HARD DISK: IT IS ALSO CALLED AS FIXED DISK MADEUP OF METAL PIECES COATED WITH MAGNETIC TAPES & STORES LARGE AMOUNT OF DATA. THE FIRST HARDDISK IS INVENTED BY IBM IN 1956, THIS AVAILABLE IN 1 BYTE TO 1 COPERBYTE. FLOPPY DISK: IT WAS INVENTED BY IBM & IT’S SIZE IS 5.25 INCH AND CAN SEND 1.44 MB OF DATA AT A TIME. THE ADVANTAGE OF THIS FLOPPYDISK IS, IT CAN BE REMOVABLE. COMPACT DISK (CD): IT IS VERY THIN & CIRCULER IN SHAPE, IT CAN STORE 700 MB OF DATA. IN OLDEN DAYS WE HAVE ONLY READABLE BUT, NOW A DAYS WE HAVE BOTH READ & WRITTABLE DISKS. DVD: DIGITAL VERSATILE DISK IT IS SIMILAR TO CD & STORAGE CAPACITY IS 17 TO 21 GB. 04-04-2019

HOW ARE YOU 04-04-2019 A) IAM FINE B) IAM NOT FINE

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