Carbonyl Compounds 1.5 Aldehydes and Ketones Contain C—O double bond. Include many classes of compounds.

LecturePLUS Timberlake Aldehydes and Ketones In an aldehyde, an H atom is attached to a carbonyl group O carbonyl group  CH3-C-H In a ketone, two carbon groups are attached to a carbonyl group CH3-C-CH3 LecturePLUS Timberlake

LecturePLUS Timberlake Naming Aldehydes IUPAC Replace the -e in the alkane name -al Common Add aldehyde to the prefixes O O O    H-C-H CH3-C-H CH3CH2C-H methanal ethanal propanal (formaldehyde) LecturePLUS Timberlake

Aldehydes as Flavorings LecturePLUS Timberlake

LecturePLUS Timberlake Glucose is an aldehyde LecturePLUS Timberlake

LecturePLUS Timberlake Naming Ketones In the IUPAC name, the -e in the alkane name is replaced with -one In the common name, add the word ketone after naming the alkyl groups attached to the carbonyl group O O   CH3 -C-CH3 CH3-C-CH2-CH3 Propanone Butanone LecturePLUS Timberlake

LecturePLUS Timberlake Ketones O O   Butter flavor CH3-C-C-CH3 butanedione O  Clove flavor CH3-C-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 heptan-2-one LecturePLUS Timberlake

LecturePLUS Timberlake Ketones as Hormones LecturePLUS Timberlake

LecturePLUS Timberlake Learning Check AK 1 Classify each as an aldehyde (1), ketone (2) or neither(3). O  A. CH3CH2CCH3 B. CH3-O-CH3 CH3 O C. CH3-C-CH2CH D. CH3 LecturePLUS Timberlake

LecturePLUS Timberlake Solution AK 1 Classify each as an aldehyde (1), ketone (2) or neither(3). O  A. CH3CH2CCH3 2 B. CH3-O-CH3 3 CH3 O C. CH3-C-CH2CH 1 D. 2 CH3 LecturePLUS Timberlake

LecturePLUS Timberlake Learning Check AK 2 Name the following O  A. CH3CH2CCH3 B. CH3 O C. CH3-C-CH2CH CH3 LecturePLUS Timberlake

LecturePLUS Timberlake Solution AK 2 O  A. CH3CH2CCH3 B. butanone CH3 O C. CH3-C-CH2CH cyclohexanone CH3 2,2-dimethylbutanal LecturePLUS Timberlake

LecturePLUS Timberlake Learning Check AK 3 Draw the structural formulas for each: A. 3-Methylpentanal B. 2,3-Dichloropropanal C. 3-Methylbutan-2-one LecturePLUS Timberlake

LecturePLUS Timberlake Solution AK 3 Draw the structural formulas for each: CH3 O  A. 3-Methylpentanal CH3CHCHCH2CH Br O  B. 2,3-Dichloropropanal Br-CH2CHCH O C. 3-Methyl-2-butanone CH3CHCCH3 CH3 LecturePLUS Timberlake