BPARC Group Call 2/28/19 Agenda Slides

Agenda 2-2:10: Introductions, including our new members 2:10-2:15: Drs. Nicolas Oreskovic and Rachel Millstein will give updates about the group’s white paper (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6177263/), our funding opportunities so far. 2:15-2:25: Dr. Karmel Choi will discuss her paper about physical activity and depression and group discussion of methods/implications https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/article-abstract/2720689 2:25-2:35: Dr. Melinda Morrill will share ideas about developing a PA intervention for couples and parents, with group discussion. 2:35-2:40: Answering members’ questions about self-report measures. 2:40-2:50: Group discussion about future funding opportunities, strategies to being our measurement streamlining goals, updates on the Actigraph loan program. 2:50-3: Open discussion/questions

Introductions Welcome new members! Who’s on the call today? Name, institution, brief description of your physical activity work Melinda Morrill from MGH, I-Min Lee from BWH, Wendy Landman from Walk Boston, Karmel Choi from MGH, Ruijia Chen from HSPH, Dan Hatfield from the Friedman School at Tufts University, Jeff Blossom from the Center for Geographic Analysis at Harvard, Nicolas Oreskovic from MGH, Rachel Millstein from MGH

BPARC Updates (Nicolas Oreskovic and Rachel Millstein): White Paper Our white paper was published this summer! Millstein, R. A., Oreskovic, N. M., Quintiliani, L. M., James, P., & Intille, S. (2018). The Need for Local, Multidisciplinary Collaborations to Promote Advances in Physical Activity Research and Policy Change: The Creation of the Boston Physical Activity Resource Collaborative (BPARC). Journal of physical activity research, 3(2), 74-77. Abstract This commentary describes the development, vision, and initial progress of the newly-founded Boston Physical Activity Resource Collaborative (BPARC). Our aims are to move the field of physical activity forward, with broader dissemination and translation, by creating a local Boston and Massachusetts hub for researchers, practitioners, advocates, and policymakers. Participants come from multiple academic and medical centers, local advocacy groups, and government agencies, all of whom are working on components of physical activity promotion. We have had initial success in collaborating on study design, methodology, and grant applications. Future endeavors aim to produce streamlined methods and products with maximal impact for the field of physical activity research, policy, and practice.

BPARC Updates (Nicolas and Rachel): Initial funding applications Harvard MBB Catalyst Obesity Prevention

Karmel Choi: Recent PA and depression paper https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/article-abstract/2720689 Choi KW, Chen C, Stein MB, et al. Assessment of Bidirectional Relationships Between Physical Activity and Depression Among Adults: A 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. JAMA Psychiatry. Published online January 23, 2019. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.4175 Karmel circulated the paper to the email list.

Abstract Importance  Increasing evidence shows that physical activity is associated with reduced risk for depression, pointing to a potential modifiable target for prevention. However, the causality and direction of this association are not clear; physical activity may protect against depression, and/or depression may result in decreased physical activity. Objective  To examine bidirectional relationships between physical activity and depression using a genetically informed method for assessing potential causal inference. Design, Setting, and Participants  This 2-sample mendelian randomization (MR) used independent top genetic variants associated with 2 physical activity phenotypes—self-reported (n = 377 234) and objective accelerometer-based (n = 91 084)—and with major depressive disorder (MDD) (n = 143 265) as genetic instruments from the largest available, nonoverlapping genome- wide association studies (GWAS). GWAS were previously conducted in diverse observational cohorts, including the UK Biobank (for physical activity) and participating studies in the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (for MDD) among adults of European ancestry. Mendelian randomization estimates from each genetic instrument were combined using inverse variance weighted meta-analysis, with alternate methods (eg, weighted median, MR Egger, MR–Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier [PRESSO]) and multiple sensitivity analyses to assess horizontal pleiotropy and remove outliers. Data were analyzed from May 10 through July 31, 2018. Main Outcomes and Measures  MDD and physical activity. Results  GWAS summary data were available for a combined sample size of 611 583 adult participants. Mendelian randomization evidence suggested a protective relationship between accelerometer-based activity and MDD (odds ratio [OR], 0.74 for MDD per 1-SD increase in mean acceleration; 95% CI, 0.59-0.92; P = .006). In contrast, there was no statistically significant relationship between MDD and accelerometer-based activity (β = −0.08 in mean acceleration per MDD vs control status; 95% CI, −0.47 to 0.32; P = .70). Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between self-reported activity and MDD (OR, 1.28 for MDD per 1-SD increase in metabolic-equivalent minutes of reported moderate-to-vigorous activity; 95% CI, 0.57-3.37; P = .48), or between MDD and self-reported activity (β = 0.02 per MDD in standardized metabolic-equivalent minutes of reported moderate- to-vigorous activity per MDD vs control status; 95% CI, −0.008 to 0.05; P = .15). Conclusions and Relevance  Using genetic instruments identified from large-scale GWAS, robust evidence supports a protective relationship between objectively assessed—but not self-reported—physical activity and the risk for MDD. Findings point to the importance of objective measurement of physical activity in epidemiologic studies of mental health and support the hypothesis that enhancing physical activity may be an effective prevention strategy for depression.

Melinda Morrill: Ideas for new research areas Physical Activity for Couples Across the Transition to parenthood (PACT) – Intervention Development Questions Population: Mothers and Fathers in couples (and same-sex parents). At risk groups (previous diagnosis of depression, poverty, trauma history). First-time parents only. Previous non- exercisers. Intervention: Adapt existing intervention. Walking only. Walking/jogging/running (if want to target depression). Strength training (pushups, squats, etc.). Intervention modality: Mobile phone app, linked to accelerometer. Gaming – cooperative game. Partners’ phones linked.  

Self-report measures Question from Ruijia Chen Other Qs or thoughts about different measures? IPAQ isn’t sensitive to change but is fairly standard. 7-Day PAR is a fine measure as well, more open ended, can have lower inter- rater reliability. Optimism and PA study at HSPH

Moving forward and resources Future funding opportunities is a primary goal for the group at this stage. Ideas? We would like to begin our measurement streamlining goals. Discussion about strategies (some of which depends on funding). Updates on the Actigraph loan program. It is being well used! How it works, agree to make data available so that we can start pooling data for standardized measurement. Who can use it? BPARC members, with an agreement to make data available to support goal of standardizing/pooling measurement data Spread the word

Additional thoughts or questions? Thanks everyone! We’ll reconvene in the spring and have some exciting updates about cancer- related physical activity projects. Send updates on your recent papers you’d like to put on the website, and funding ideas.