Continuity

Definition: Continuity A function is continuous at a number a if That is, 1. f(a) is defined 2. exists 3.

Definition: One Sided Continuity A function f is continuous from the right at a number a if and f is continuous from the left at a if

Definition: Continuity On An Interval A function f is continuous on an interval if it is continuous at every number in the interval. (If f is defined on one side of an endpoint of the interval, we understand continuous at the endpoints to mean continuous from the right or continuous from the left).

Theorem f + g f – g cf fg f / g if g(a)  0 If f and g are continuous at a and c is a constant, then the following functions are also continuous at a: f + g f – g cf fg f / g if g(a)  0

Theorem Any polynomial is continuous everywhere; that is, it is continuous on  = (-∞, ∞). Any rational function is continuous whenever it is defined; that is, it is continuous on its domain.

Theorem Any of the following types of functions are continuous at every number in their domain: Polynomials; Rational Functions, Root Functions; Trigonometric Functions; Inverse Trigonometric Functions; Exponential Functions; and Logarithmic Functions.

Theorem If f is continuous at b and , then . In other words,

Theorem If g is continuous at a and f is continuous at g(a), then the composite function f(g(x)) is continuous at a.

The Intermediate Value Theorem Suppose that f is continuous on the closed interval [a, b] and let N be any number between f(a) and f(b). Then there exists a number c in (a, b) such that f(c) = N. a f b f(a) f(b) c f(c)=N

Example Use the Intermediate Value Theorem to show that there is a root of the given equation in the specified interval.