Chapter 4.3 The North Takes Charge President Lincoln favored a quick military action which would end the talk of secession The Battle of Bull Run victory for South, led to less people volunteering for military After Bull Run the North realized that a long war was coming After the loss of Peninsula Lincoln drafted the Emancipation Proclamation

Strategies After the Peninsula Campaign the Union cut the Confederacy in half, marched through Georgia and then the Carolinas, blockaded the coastline and liberated slaves The Union never went to guerrilla warfare The Merrimack was the biggest threat to the Union blockade The Confederates destroyed the Merrimack to keep it out of Union hands

Battle Of Antietam Victory for the Union probably prevented intervention by Britain and France on behalf of the Confederacy After the North’s victory at Antietam, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation

Strategies General George McClellan was removed from his field command after he halted Lee’s troops at Antietam The Union was able to advance due to finding General Lee’s battle plans Gettysburg and Antietam were fought on Union soil

Ending Slavery The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution ended slavery in the U.S. The Emancipation Proclamation strengthened the moral cause and diplomatic position of the Union. The Emancipation Proclamation 1863 declared slaves free in states in rebellion against the U.S.

Emancipation Proclamation As a result of the proclamation the following happened Opposition in the North to an “abolition war” Sharp increase in Union desertions Heavy congressional defeats for Lincoln’s administration Complaints from abolitionist that it did not go far enough

African Americans & Slaves During the Civil War African Americans who fought for the Union suffered extremely heavy causalities The Confederacy enlisted slaves into their army a month before the war ended

Battles When Robert E. Lee decided to invade the Union through Pennsylvania it delivered a blow that would strengthen the Northern peace movement The Battle of Gettysburg was a victory for the North, only a matter of time

Battle of Vicksburg Union victory important because It reopened the Mississippi River to Northern trade Foreign help for the Confederacy was lost Stopped the Northern peace agitation Cut off supplies of cattle and other goods from Texas and Louisiana

General William T. Sherman His style of warfare resulted in a shorter war that saved lives

Election of 1864 Democratic candidate: George McClellan Against Lincoln and running mate Andrew Johnson The capture of Atlanta was probably a critical part of Lincoln’s success in the election

Misc. War Facts General Ulysses S. Grant’s basic strategy in the War involved assailing the enemy's armies simultaneously and directly During the Civil War, Grant lost one many to every 10, and Lee lost one many to every 5 The assassination of Abraham Lincoln was a calamity for the South The Civil War was the supreme test of American democracy in the 19th century

Results of the Civil War Expanded federal powers of taxation Ended nullification and secession Created the first federal social welfare agency Ended slavery