Mitchell Beane, Tyler Schomburg, and Hannah Hardcastle Labor Unions Mitchell Beane, Tyler Schomburg, and Hannah Hardcastle

Labor Unions An organization of workers formed for the purpose of advancing its member’s interests in the form of wages, benefits, and working conditions

Right to Work Laws A law that guarantees that no worker is compelled to belong to a union North Carolina is a Right to Work state In a Non-Right to Work state, to work you MUST belong to a union at your place of employment

Closed Shops Open Shops A place of employment where the employer only hires workers who belong to a labor union An establishment in which eligibility for employment is not determined by involvement in a labor union

Collective Bargaining A negotiation between an employer and a labor union usually concerning wages, hours, and working conditions.

Mediation Arbitration situation in which union and company officials bring in a third party to try to help them reach an agreement. situation in which union and company officials submit the issues they cannot agree on to a third party for a final decision.

Strike Boycott when workers deliberately stop working in order to force an employer to give their demand the refusal to purchase certain goods

Injunctions A legal order of a court preventing an activity. Injunctions can be requested by both parties in a dispute

Government Regulation The government is able to regulate Labor Unions through the use of injunctions. The government can use these if a company requests it when their workers are on strike, or when the workers on strike request it. The government can then order a change in the company or can order the workers on strike to go back to their jobs.

How/ Why did Labor Unions Form Labor Unions started in 1820 to reduce the working day from 12 hours to 10 hours. In 1866, congress reduced the working day to 8 hours, which it is currently. The American Federation of Labor (AFL) was formed in 1866 and worked to pass the Clayton Act of 1914 which allowed workers to boycott goods and go on strike. Labor Unions formed so that workers, and their co-workers, could be protected from companies that try to take advantage of them.

Ford Motor Company A famous example of a Labor Union was when organizers focused on Ford Motor company while Harry Bannett was in charge. Harry was known to be tough on employees so the United Automobile Workers (UAW) often confronted the company. The "Battle of the Overpass" happened in 1937 when organizers fought with security guards of the company. Henry Ford considered it his greatest disappointment when he had to sign a contract with the UAW. He believed it was his greatest disappointment because he twanted his company to be responsible for good working conditions and safety.

Presidential involvement in labor disputes One of the most famous incidents of presidential involvement was in 1902. President Roosevelt intervened in the great coal strike of the anthracite coal fields in Pennsylvania. He summoned the leaders of each side to the White House where eventually he was able to convince both parties to agree which ended the strike. This set a precedent for the Federal Government to intervene in labor disputes.

YouTube Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubIWyT7nGdU

Vocabulary Links Labor Unions - http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/labor%20unions Right to Work laws - http://www.nrtw.org/b/rtw_faq.htm Open Shops - http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/open%20shops Closed Shops - http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/closed%20shops Collective Bargaining - http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/collective+bargaining?show=0&t=1367327292 Mediation- Civics Today Arbitration- Civics Today Strike- Civics Today Boycott- Civics Today Injunction- Civics Today

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