Life in the 1950s
Baby Boom “Ideal family” nuclear family w/ mom @ home Dr. Benjamin Spock’s Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care (1946) Be nurturing/ permissive Proposed having gov’t pay for mothers to stay home
Suburbs
Car Culture Ownership doubled between 1945 & 1960
Eisenhower’s Interstate Highway System 1956 Originally used for defense (fast mobilization) 41k miles of new highways
Nation on the Move Population shifts to “Sun Belt” in S & SW Disneyland! Opens 1955 (S. Cali)
Consumerism Median family income rose Credit! TELEVISION 1946: 7k sets; 1950: 6 million; 1960: 52 million
Religion Increased church attendance 1954: “Under God” to Pledge 1956: “In God We Trust” to $ bill
Improved Healthcare Polio vaccine: 1955 (Jonas Salk) Widespread use of antibiotics Better understanding of imptnce of healthy diet Increased life expect.
Teen Culture Word “teenager” enters language “Rebellious” New segment for advertisers Rock-n-roll! From R&B Elvis Presley! “Subversive” nature
Dissent & Discontent Beat Movement (“Beatniks”) Writers, artists Disliked conformity/ materialism Ex: Jack Kerouac, On the Road “The only people for me are the mad ones, the ones who are mad to live, mad to talk, mad to be saved, desirous of everything at the same time, the ones who never yawn or say a commonplace thing, but burn, burn, burn like fabulous yellow roman candles exploding like spiders across the stars and in the middle you see the blue centerlight pop and everybody goes 'Awww!‘”
Poverty & Racial Tensions “White Flight”– white ppl leave inner city for suburbs Cities lose middle class declining pol/econ. power Many radio stations won’t play music by black artists white artists re-record hits SCOTUS case: Brown v. Board of Education (1954) “Separate but equal” unconstitutional Desegregate public schools