AP Chem Reminder: Lab Write-Up due Fri 10/5 What’s left in this unit

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Presentation transcript:

AP Chem Reminder: Lab Write-Up due Fri 10/5 What’s left in this unit Naming compounds Drawing structures for compounds Unit 2 Test ~Mon 10/8 and Tues 10/9

Naming Covalent Compounds 2 or more nonmetals Less electronegative element usually listed first Prefix denotes # atoms of each element Exception: mono is not used on the 1st element Ending of 1st element is not changed. Ending of 2nd element is changed to -IDE. Drop last vowel on prefix if element starts with an “a” or an “o” (i.e. mono + oxide = monoxide)

Ionic Compounds Ionic Compounds: in general, made up of metal and nonmetal Charges of ions MUST balance out to 0 Simple Binary Compounds: (name of metal) + (name of nonmetal with –ide ending) Transition Metal Cations (and Sn and Pb) Must include charge of the cation using (roman numerals) Exceptions: Zn and Cd are always +2, Ag is always +1

Charges of Ions

Polyatomic Ions

Acids Hydrogen + 1 or more nonmetals.

Acid Nomenclature If the anion in the acid ends in -ide, change the ending to -ic acid and add the prefix hydro- . HCl: hydrochloric acid HBr: hydrobromic acid HI: hydroiodic acid © 2009, Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Acid Nomenclature If the anion in the acid ends in -ate, change the ending to -ic acid. HClO3: chloric acid HClO4: perchloric acid © 2009, Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Acid Nomenclature If the anion in the acid ends in -ite, change the ending to -ous acid. HClO: hypochlorous acid HClO2: chlorous acid © 2009, Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Naming Organic Molecules Organic compounds must contain carbon.

Organic Molecules: Functional Groups