Class in the Making of the Modern World

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Presentation transcript:

Class in the Making of the Modern World Dr Anna Ross Christian Borchert, Familienportraits I (c. 1980).

Introduction What is class? Karl Marx E. P. Thompson David Cannadine, John Lawrence, and others What does this look like in historical analysis? Helga Paris, Untitled from the series Häuser und Gesichter, Halle 1983-5

Definitions (I): Karl Marx (1818-83)

Marx’s Theory of History Known as: historical materialism Constructed from a variety of texts: The German Ideology (1845) Contributions to a Critique of Political Economy (1859) Class: objective economic category Class struggle: All history is the history of class struggle

Definitions (II): E. P. Thompson (1924-93)

Thompson’s Approach to History The Making of the English Working Class (1963) Class: Class was a relationship “class happens when some men, as a result of common experiences (inherited or shared), feel and articulate the identity of their interests as between themselves, and as against other men whose interests are different from (and usually opposed to) theirs.”

Definitions (III) Historians today such as David Cannadine, John Lawrence, and others Cannadine: Class and class identities are inherently constructed They are part of highly politicized representations of the social order, rather than neutral descriptions of class relations Lawrence: Further warns us that vernacular uses of ‘class as culture’ were (and are) profoundly inconsistent and contradictory.

Case Study: the “bourgeois century”