15 months age Physical development This is a period of slow growth. Weight gain begins to slow after the first year with an average 1.8-2.7 kg/year. (12-month: 9.2 kg – 24-month: 11.7 kg = gain 2.5 kg) Growth is measured in height rather than length. The normal pulse rate is 100 BPM. The normal respiratory rate is about 26 breaths / minute.

Motor development Walk alone. Crawls up stairs.

Adaptive Make tower of 2 cubes. Make a line with a crayon رِيشَة ؛ قَلَم . Insert pellet حَبّة ؛ كُرَيّة in bottle. Drink from a cup which he or she can hold. Separation anxiety arises, the child sees bedtimes as desertion تَرْك ؛ هَجْر.

Language Jargon يرطن (difficult to understand) and the baby follow simple commands. Baby may say the name of familiar things.

Social development Indicate some desires or needs by pointing. Play with other but egocentric. Memory and learning are enhanced by experiences. Begins imitative play and role play to express feelings. Lacks the concept of sharing. To promote the concept of autonomy, let the child perform tasks independently.

18 months age Physical development Physiological anorexia (it is the decreased nutritional need and decreased appetite). Anterior fontanel closed. Abdomen protrudes, arms and legs lengthen. Big muscles well developed.

Motor development Running stiffly. Sit on a small chair. Walk up stairs with one hand held. Explore drawers and wastebasket. Falls less frequently. Creeps downstairs.

Adaptive Builds 3-block tower. Picks up and places small beads الخرز in container. Begins to use spoon. Holds and lifts cup. Turn pages of a book. Throws a ball.

Language and cognitive development Have vocabulary of 10 words that have meaning. Points to objects names by assistant of adults. Follows directions and requests.

Social Feed himself. Seek for help when in trouble. Complain when wet himself or have stool. (readiness for toilet training). At this age begin, the baby may has.: Temper tantrums (low tolerance for frustration when unable to complete task and will response with a negative behavior: shouting, pitting تحريض, spitting بَصْق ؛ تَفْل). Regression إنْكِفَاء, حرد. END

24 months age Physical development Motor: Birth weight quadruples. Has 1/2 adult height. Day time bowel control. Motor: Running well. Walk up-stairs and down-stairs one step at a time بقدمين مرة واحدة. Open the doors and turn knobs. Has a steady gait. Holds drinking cup with one hand. Climbs on furniture.

Adaptive Language Makes a tower of 6 cubes. Rides a tricycle (without pedals بدون قدرة على تحريك البدالات). Circular scribing خربشة دائرية على الدفتر. Language Put 3 words together. “Subject, verb and object”. Has a vocabulary of 200 -300 words. Refers to self by pronoun انا. Obeys simple commands. Don't know right from wrong.

Social development Emotional Handle spoon well and help to undress. Listen to stories with pictures. May move from safe environment to a danger, so need constant surveillance. Use word "mine" constantly. Begins cooperation in toilet training. Resists restrictions on freedom as adherence to bedtime. Emotional Developing a sense of autonomy. Show that he has a mind and will of his own.

30 months age Physical development Motor development Has a day time bowel and bladder control. Motor development Jumping occurs and walking background. Throws object overhead. Drinks from a straw. Fine motor development Make a tower from 8 cubes. Make vertical and horizontal lines, but not join it to make across. Imitate circular lines forming closed figure.

Language Social Emotional Refer to self by pronoun "I", know his full name. Social become highly imitative. Increase aware of other siblings and respond to them. Emotional He is confronted with conflict of exerting his autonomy يواجه صعوبات في فرض استقلاليته and enjoy dependent on others.

Age 3 years Physical development Gross motor development Weight gain about 2kg/year with average weight 14.5kg. Height gain 7.5cm/year with average height 90-95cm. May achieve control of bladder and bowel at nighttime. Gross motor development Jump-stand on one foot for seconds. Pedals tricycle. Can goes up stairs using alternate feet. May try to dance but not balancing him self.

Fine motor development Can build a tower of 9 or 10 cubes طولي. Can make abridge of 3 cubes عرضي. May draws a circle and imitates a cross (┼). Name what has been drawn. Washes and dry hands. Feeds and undress himself. Language Has a vocabulary of about 500 words. Telegraphic speech مختصر موجز i.e. sentences of three to four words. Ask many questions.

Social development Able to dress himself completely if helped. Can feed himself completely. May have fears of dark and going to bed. Know own sex and sex of others. Shows parallels play (متوازي كل على حدة) Engages in associative play. Negativism grows out of the child's sense of developing independence "says no to every command”. Temper tantrums نوبة غضب وصراخ may result-from toddler's frustration in wanting to do everything himself. Become more independent. Explore environment outside the home.

Cognition development The child still egocentric in thought and behavior. Has beginning understanding of time. Talk about past and future as much as present. Has beginning ability to view concept from other perspective. Shows increased attention span. Give first and last name. Begins to ask "why". Can repeat 3 numbers. Shows interest in colors.

Family relationships END Attempts to please parent and conforms to their expectations. Aware of family relationship and sex role functions. Has increased ability to separate easily from parents for a short. END