CLASSIFICATION.

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Presentation transcript:

CLASSIFICATION

What is Classification? classification - putting things into orderly groups based on similar physical characteristics taxonomy - the science of naming and classifying living things

The History of Classification Aristotle (B.C.) the first to classify organisms classified ALL organisms as either plant or animal Grouped by physical characteristics: Example: hair or no hair

The History of Classification Carolus Linnaeus (1700s) “Father of Taxonomy” Created a system of naming and grouping organisms based on similarities in structure Based names on Latin

The History of Classification Scientific Names Linnaeus ALSO gave us….. Binomial nomenclature: TWO word names Based on Latin and Greek First word is capitalized; second word is not Both words should be underlined or italicized Example: Felis domesticus

Modern Classification Today, scientists use a system similar to Linnaeus’s system with 8 levels of classification based on common characteristics Levels Acronym Example (Humans) Domain dancing Eukarya Kingdom kangaroos Animalia Phylum prefer Chordata Class candy Mammalia Order over Primate Family fancy Hominididae Genus green Homo Species spaghetti sapiens Scientific name: Homo sapiens (Genus + species)

largest, least similar group smallest, most similar group

Modern Classification Based on evolutionary history: where did it come from and how has it changed over time? Scientists look at Similarities in structures (Does it have skin or scales or fur or feathers?) Similarities in hereditary information (DNA) Similarities in development (Does this insect have a caterpillar stage like a butterfly?)

MODERN CLASSIFICATION every organism to the RIGHT of the characteristic has that characteristic every organism to the LEFT of the characteristic DOES NOT have the characteristic Organisms that share more characteristics are more closely related Ability to purr Retractable claws Give birth to live young Hair and mammary glands

MODERN CLASSIFICATION

MODERN CLASSIFICATION: Plants

THE END!!!