Endothelial microparticles exert differential effects on functions of Th1 in patients with acute coronary syndrome Yongguang Lu, Lang Li, Hua Yan, Qiang.

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Endothelial microparticles exert differential effects on functions of Th1 in patients with acute coronary syndrome Yongguang Lu, Lang Li, Hua Yan, Qiang Su, Junzhang Huang, Chunhui Fu International Journal of Cardiology Volume 168, Issue 6, Pages 5396-5404 (October 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.050 Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 The frequency of endothelial microparticles. *P<0.05 vs. the control; #P<0.01 vs. the control; △P<0.01 vs. stable angina pectoris (SAP); ▲P<0.05 vs. unstable angina pectoris (UAP). International Journal of Cardiology 2013 168, 5396-5404DOI: (10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.050) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 The correlation of endothelial microparticles (EMPs) and interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4. A. Serum concentration of IFN-γ in controls and patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP), unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). *P<0.05 vs. control; #P<0.01 vs. SAP; △P<0.05 vs. UAP; B. Person correlation of EMPs and IFN-γ. The frequency of EMPs was positively correlated with the serum concentration of IFN-γ (r=0.795, P<0.001); C. Serum concentration of IL-4 in controls and patients with SAP, UAP and AMI. The IL-4 concentrations have no difference in each group (P>0.05); D. Person correlation of EMPs and IL-4. The frequency of EMPs did not correlate with serum concentration of IL-4 (r=−0.088, P=0.374). International Journal of Cardiology 2013 168, 5396-5404DOI: (10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.050) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Effect of endothelial microparticles on the frequency of Th (T helper)-1 and Th2 lymphocytes in vitro. A. Representation of intracellular cytokine staining of Th1 and Th2 cells. B. FACS results of the percentage of Th1 cells; *P<0.01 vs. 0/ml and 103/ml; #P<0.01 vs. 104/ml; △P<0.01 vs. 105/ml; C. FACS results of the percentage of Th2 cells. Th2 frequencies showed no differences among these groups (P>0.05). International Journal of Cardiology 2013 168, 5396-5404DOI: (10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.050) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Effect of endothelial microparticles on the expression of T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA in vitro. The mRNA levels of T-bet and GATA-3 were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. The relative expression levels of target genes were calculated using the 2−ΔΔCt formula. A. The expression of T-bet mRNA; *P<0.001 vs. 0/ml and 103/ml; #P<0.001 vs. 104/ml; △P<0.001 vs. 105/ml; B. EMPs had no significant impact on the level of GATA-3 mRNA (P>0.05). International Journal of Cardiology 2013 168, 5396-5404DOI: (10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.050) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Effect of endothelial microparticles on the expression of T-bet and GATA-3 protein in vitro. The protein levels of T-bet and GATA-3 were measured by western blot. Protein expression was normalized against β-actin. A. The expression of T-bet and GATA-3 protein; *P<0.001 vs. 0/ml and 103/ml; #P<0.001 vs. 104/ml; △P<0.001 vs. 105/ml; B. The relative expression of GATA-3 protein among these groups showed no significant differences (P>0.05); C. Representative electropherogram of T-bet and GATA-3 protein. International Journal of Cardiology 2013 168, 5396-5404DOI: (10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.050) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Effect of endothelial microparticles on the concentrations of cytokines in vitro. The concentrations of cytokines were assayed by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A. The expression of Th1 cytokine interferon (IFN)-γ; *P<0.01 vs. 0/ml and 103/ml; #P<0.01 vs. 104/ml; △P<0.01 vs. 105/ml; B. The expression of Th1 cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; *P<0.01 vs. 0/ml and 103/ml; #P<0.01 vs. 104/ml; △P<0.01 vs. 105/ml; Th2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 showed no significant differences among these groups (P>0.05). International Journal of Cardiology 2013 168, 5396-5404DOI: (10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.050) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions