Policy framework and programming in ACP countries under the 10th European Development Fund (EDF10) André Liebaert DG Development

Policy Framework MDGs & WSSD JPOI EU Consensus on Development Communication (2002) on “Water Management in Developing Countries” EU Consensus on Development EU Strategy for Africa Financing for Development & Aid Effectiveness The Human Development Report 2006, 'Beyond scarcity: Power, poverty and the global water crisis' published a few weeks ago, has highlighted that the world faces a water crisis that, left unchecked, will derail progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals. The report highlights the critical importance of water, sanitation and hygiene as "the most important vaccine for improving public health and economic growth". In this presentation I will outline the development policies and priorities – our Building blocks – for water and sanitation, Show how these form the basis for our work in the Infrastructure Unit of DG Development – one element of which is water resource management, water supply and sanitation Describe our activities in water and sanitation, with reference to the recent UN Human Development Report, and finally, identify complimentarity of our policies and priorities with the Dundee UNESCO Centre for Water Law, Policy and Science

Water Management in Developing Countries Priorities, under an integrated water resources management framework : Ensure a supply of sufficient, good quality drinking water, adequate sanitation and hygiene to every human being, especially the poorest, with a clear focus on the needs of women and children; Develop sustainable and equitable transboundary water resources management taking into account all relevant interests, integrating the competing needs of all users; Implement cross-sectoral coordination to ensure equitable, sustainable and appropriate distribution of water between users of different kinds. There is a coherent approach at EU level on how to support partner countries to deliver water and sanitation. This is the first building block. In May 2002 a Council resolution was adopted endorsing the Commission "Communication on water management in developing countries" . This stressed the need to integrate sustainable water management in national and regional development strategies. The over-arching policy framework for delivery of water and sanitation services to the poor is Integrated Water Resources Management’ (IWRM), based on a river or groundwater basin approach. The EU Policy framework on water and sanitation highlights that good governance, political and sectoral reforms are necessary. Stakeholder participation is essential for ownership of policies and strategies. Partnerships between stakeholders need to be promoted. And for transboundary waters, IWRM, combined with strong public participation, transparency and accountability is particularly important for conflict prevention

The EU Consensus on Development Joint Statement of the EU Council, European Parliament & Commission (2005) The European Consensus on Development sets out common objectives and principles for development cooperation. It identifies priorities which will be reflected in effective and coherent development cooperation programmes at the level of countries and regions. The Community ‘integrated water resources management’ policy framework aims at ensuring supply of sufficient, good quality drinking water, adequate sanitation and hygiene, in line with the MDGs and the targets from Johannesburg. . At the end of 2005 a Joint Declaration of the EU Council, the Commission and the European Parliament presented, for the first time in 50 years, a common vision of development for Commission and member States. The Consensus, our second building block, has as its objectives: The eradication of poverty in the context of sustainable development, including: pursuit of the MDGs, supporting and aligning with partner countries’ strategies, improving coordination and complimentarity, harmonisation and alignment. And as its Principles Ownership & Partnership, political dialogue & participation of civil society Reinforce aid effectiveness and predictability through harmonisation and alignment (Paris Declaration)

EU Strategy for Africa A strategy of the whole of the EU for the whole of Africa. Its primary aims are: Peace and Security Human Rights and Governance Development Assistance Sustainable Economic Growth, Regional Integration and Trade Investing in People and achievement of the Millennium Development Goals Its underlying philosophy is African ownership and responsibility, including working through African institutions Water is recognised in Regional and continental infrastructure (Infrastructure Partnership) Expansion of access to water supply and sanitation (MDGs) Reinforcement of Strategic Partnership on water affairs and sanitation The EU also launched its Strategy for Africa at the end of 2005. This strategy sets out the steps the European Union will take with Africa between now and 2015 to support African efforts to build its future. It is a strategy of the whole of the EU for the whole of Africa. It takes into account regional and country-specific needs and African countries' national strategies. Its primary aims are the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and the promotion of sustainable development, security and good governance, in Africa. The European Council concluded that rapid, sustained and broad-based growth is essential for development and fighting against poverty. Among the many actions that underpin the strategy is the creation of the Europe-Africa Partnership on Infrastructure which aims to increase Europe’s investment in African infrastructure. Improving infrastructure and its services will contribute to sustainable economic growth, promote regional trade, foster regional integration, and reduce poverty, and responds to the development goals of the African Union and its New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD). This is our third building block.

The EU Water Initiative The EUWI Objectives The reinforcement of political commitment towards action and innovation oriented partnership The promotion of improved water governance, capacity building and awareness Improved efficiency and effectiveness of water management through multi-stakeholder dialogue and coordination Strengthened co-operation through promoting river basin approaches in national and transboundary waters Identification of additional financial resources and mechanisms to ensure sustainable financing Africa-EU Strategic Partnership on water affairs and sanitation : Reinforced Dialogue with African Ministerial Council on Water (AMCOW) and at country level The EU Water Initiative was launched at the 2002 Johannesburg World Summit for Sustainable Development in response to a context of declining aid to water and sanitation. The EU Water Initiative is implementing the EU-Africa Strategic Partnership on Water Affairs and Sanitation which was signed at WSSD by Heads of State for Africa and for Europe. The EU Water Initiative is not a financial instrument to deliver aid. It is a concerted effort of the European Commission, the EU Member States, partner countries and other stakeholders including civil society organisations, the private sector and local government organisations to work together to contribute to achieving the MDGs. The Water Initiative provides the framework for strategic partnerships on water and sanitation, to improve governance and to address management of water resources at regional/transboundary, national and local levels. By focussing on improving EU Member State coordination in water and sanitation, the Water Initiative is trying to move forward with many aspects of the Paris Declaration on aid effectiveness and the European Consensus on Development. The Water Initiative is promoting policy dialogue between partner country government, concerned stakeholders, the EU and other donors to facilitate partner countries to gain access to increased ODA (official development aid) through development of national policies, strategies and priorities for water and sanitation. It is complementary to specific geographical programmes, as well as being able to influence them. ETHIOPIA

Complementarity of instruments National and Regional programmes (10th EDF) ACP-EU Water Facility (intra-ACP) Africa-EU Infrastructure Parttnership Trust Fund

National & Regional Programs Country Strategy Papers and National and Regional Indicative Programmes elaborated in consultation with the partner countries and reflect the partner country national priorities and demands for support from the European Commission. Approximately €475m allocated to water and sanitation for programmes under the 9th EDF. A further €500m available through the ACP-EU Water Facility New Country Strategy Papers are currently being agreed with partner countries, in preparation for funding from the 10th European Development Fund (2008-13).

Water & Sanitation - 10th EDF Angola (W&S in peri-urban and rural areas) Burkina Faso (infrastructures de base) Côte d’Ivoire (réhabilitation) Djibouti (eau, assainissement & énergie) Guinea Bissau (eau/énergie) Lesotho (infrastructure) Liberia (rehabilitation) Malawi (infrastructures) Mali (gouvernance, services de base) Namibia (rural development) RCA (infrastructures) Senegal (assainissement) Seychelles (W&S) Swaziland (water & energy) Tchad (infrastructures/dév. Rural)

Water & Sanitation - 10th EDF Other African countries (as part of various focal sectors – infrastructure, rural development, governance & decentralisation, social development, environment, etc) : Burundi, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Mauritanie, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Togo, Zimbabwe Pacific islands : water sector programme in Samoa, water & sanitation in Fiji, Cook Islands, water & energy in Kiribati, Tuvalu

The ACP-EU Water Facility As a contribution to the EUWI, the Commission created the ACP-EU Water Facility with two specific objectives Improved governance in water and sanitation and improved and integrated management of water resources at regional and transboundary, national and local levels, and Increased access to safe, affordable and sustainable water and sanitation services for the rural and urban poor. Two calls for proposals : 175 Projects have been selected Renewal of the Water Facility under the 10th EDF is under discussion with the ACP The €500m ACP-EU Water Facility is part of a response to the objectives and priorities of the EU Water Initiative, to catalyse additional funding to boost the sustainable delivery of water and sanitation services and to improve Integrated Water Management practises in ACP Countries. It brings funding directly to the local level, to municipal/local governments. There was an overwhelming response, far in excess of available funding, to the First Call for Proposals of the Water Facility, launched at the end of 2004. Following detailed evaluation, a total of 97 projects (with €230m funding from the Facility) have been selected for co-financing. These 97 projects will result in bringing access to water to about 10 million people, and sanitation to about 5 million people over the next four years. Contracts and agreements to implement these projects are presently under preparation. In addition, funding agreements have been negotiated for support to the Africa Ministerial Council on Water, to the Nile Basin Initiative and to the African Water Facility. The Water Facility will also support the EU-Africa Partnership on Infrastructure, to contribute to the preliminary design of a water component. A Second Call for Proposals was launched in March this year and the 500 proposals received are currently being evaluated. This should be completed by the end of 2006 or early in 2007 and will lead to commitment of the remaining funds available to the Water Facility before the end of 2007. The response to the Second Call has also been far in excess of available funding, demonstrating the high demand for funding for water and sanitation.

The EU-Africa Partnership on Infrastructure Developing Infrastructure - transport, energy, water & ICT – as a means of interconnecting Africa for contributing to economic growth, competitive trade and regional integration: Continental and regional priorities – AU/NEPAD i-STAP Priority to Trans-African corridors and regional networks, transboundary water, regional electrification Support for regulatory frameworks that facilitate trade and services Specifically, for Water Transboundary basin management Flood preparedness programmes Knowledge & monitoring of water resources for better water management Sustainable regional water infrastructure. The European Council in setting out its strategy for Africa concluded that rapid, sustained and broad-based growth is essential for development and fighting against poverty. Among the many actions that underpin the Council’s strategy is the creation of the Europe-Africa Partnership on Infrastructure which aims to increase Europe’s investment in African infrastructure and the delivery of transport, energy, water and ICT services. Improving infrastructure and its services will contribute to sustainable economic growth, promote regional trade, foster regional integration, and reduce poverty, and responds to the development goals of the African Union and its New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD). Objectives of the Europe-Africa Infrastructure Partnership in water include the sustainable use of water resources to meet the population’s basic water and sanitation needs and improved water resources management at river and groundwater basin, national and transboundary levels. This means getting riparian states to cooperate on the use of the resources of shared rivers, developing rivers to reduce vulnerability to droughts, better manage floods, to ensure more water, more food, and more electricity, and to do so in a way that respects the needs of the river system itself. This means building a strong foundation for cooperative action to establish an integrated and comprehensive approach to developing and managing shared water resources.

Thank You André Liebaert DG Development Unit B1 - Economic Development; Infrastructure and Communication Networks; Trade and Regional Integration