Irish Immigration 1840-1890 Analyze the following political cartoons to understand how the cartoons represent the challenges and responses experienced.

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Presentation transcript:

Irish Immigration 1840-1890 Analyze the following political cartoons to understand how the cartoons represent the challenges and responses experienced by Irish immigrants upon their arrival into the US in the years 1830-1890.

Irish Immigration Years # of immigrants 1820-1830 54,338 1831-1840 207,381 1841-1850 780,719 1851-1860 914,119 1861-1870 435,778 1871-1880 436,871

Irish Immigration 1830-1890 Push Factors Pull Factors Potato crop failures in Ireland ruined the economy and led to the starvation of nearly 1 million Irish 1840’s Religious discrimination, laws in Ireland (controlled by Great Britain) favored Protestants, even though the population was majority Catholic Pull Factors Industry, railroads, canal digging of the Northeast required massive amounts of cheap labor for immigrants to fill

THINGS WHICH ROMAN CATHOLIC PRIESTS AND ALL TRUE ROMAN CATHOLICS HATE Providence, July 22, 1854 1. They HATE our Republic, and are trying to overthrow it. 2. They HATE our Flag, and they grossly insulting it. 3. They HATE the liberty of the Press. 4. They HATE the liberty of speech. 5. They HATE our Public School system. 6. They HATE the Bible, and would blot it out of existence if they could! 7. They HATE Protestants, and are sworn to exterminate them from our country and the earth. 8. They HATE all rulers that do not swear allegiance to the Pope of Rome. 9. They HATE to be ruled by Americans, and say “WE WILL NOT BE RULED BY THEM!” 10. They HATE to support their own paupers and they are left to be supported by the tax paying Americans.

Challenges Difficult living and working conditions Nativism Irish lived in crowded parts of cities and did the lowest jobs and were banned from any skilled jobs Anti-Catholic Sentiment The United States was largely Protestant at this point (2nd Great Awakening). Irish seen as more loyal to the Pope than they would be to America. Nativism Belief created in the mid-1800’s that native born American’s moral and cultural values were under attack from foreign immigrants. Specifically Protestant Americans were being attacked by Catholic immigrants Political party formed based on this...Know-Nothing Party (American Party)

St Domonic’s(Boston) St.Teresa’s (New York)

Responses Political Bosses Democratic Party Catholic Church Irish organized in their communities to support newly arrived immigrants with jobs and places to live in return for votes. Bosses were the rich business owners that controlled all of this Democratic Party The Democratic Party tied into these communities and used the Irish as a voting block in return for support on Irish issues Catholic Church Irish took over the Catholic Church’s of the Northeast and used them as a cultural center and they tied Parochial Catholic Schools to these churches so they educate their children who were discriminated against in public schools

Thomas Nast Thomas Nast was a political cartoonist who drew all of these cartoons (except the Irish/German one). How do you think he viewed Emancipation?

Symbols? Meaning?